王亚如　蔡香云　庄家祥　侯有明

摘要 草地贪夜蛾是世界粮农组织预警的重大迁飞性害虫。2019年1月被发现入侵我国，并迅速在我国扩散蔓延，在我国玉米种植区造成重大经济损失。本文利用线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I（COⅠ）和位于Z染色体上的磷酸丙糖异构酶（Tpi）基因的分子标记对采集于福建地区的84份草地贪夜蛾进行群体遗传特征分析，结果显示，基于COⅠ仅在南平邵武和南平建阳两个地区鉴定到3份玉米型，其他81份均为水稻型;基于Tpi基因的检测结果，84份样品在174和175碱基处存在“AT”“GA”或“AT/GA”3种不同类型，但均为玉米型。福建省为亚热带季风气候区，玉米终年都有种植，草地贪夜蛾可在该省越冬，本研究基于COⅠ和Tpi两个基因片段的分子标记进行草地贪夜蛾两种亚型的分子鉴定，为热带与南亚热带地区草地贪夜蛾的迁入迁出虫源监测预警提供了依据，为该入侵害虫遗传溯源积累了前期数据。

关键词 草地贪夜蛾; 水稻型; 玉米型; 分子标记; 入侵害虫

中图分类号： S 435.132

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020138

Molecular identification of Spodoptera frugiperda invaded in Fujian province

WANG Yaru1， CAI Xiangyun1， ZHUANG Jiaxiang2， HOU Youming1*

（1. State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops，

Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou 350002， China;

2. Fujian Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station， Fuzhou 350003， China）

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is a major migratory pest that FAO has warned about it. It invaded China in January 2019 and spread rapidly， causing significant economic losses in Chinas corn planting areas. In this study， the molecular markers of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ（COⅠ） and triose phosphate isomerase （Tpi） located on the Z chromosome were used to analyze the population genetic characteristics of 84 S.frugiperda samples collected from Fujian province. The results showed that only 3 samples from Shaowu and Jianyang of Nanping county were identified as corn strain， and the other 81 samples were identified as rice strain by COⅠ gene. When using Tpi gene as marker， though three gene types including “AT” and “GA” or “AT/GA” at  position 174 and 175 were identified， all samples were corn strain. Fujian province belongs to subtropical monsoon climate area， and corn is planted all year round. S.frugiperda can overwinter here. This study used two molecular markers， COⅠand Tpi to identify the biotypes of S.frugiperda. The results provided a basis for the monitoring of the source of fall armyworms in tropical and southern subtropical regions， and accumulated preliminary data for the genetic tracing of the invasive pest.

Key words

Spodoptera frugiperda; rice strain; corn strain; molecular marker; invasive insects

草地貪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda （J.E.Smith）俗称秋黏虫（fall armyworm），是夜蛾科Noctuidae灰翅夜蛾属Spodoptera的一种杂食性、迁飞性、检疫性农业害虫[1]，可对农作物造成毁灭性破坏。其原产于美洲的热带和亚热带地区，寄主植物350多种，主要寄主为玉米和水稻。自2019年1月入侵我国后，草地贪夜蛾已扩散至我国20多个省（直辖市、自治区）[2]，为害玉米[3]、小麦[4]、花生[5]等作物，尤其是玉米种植区，因草地贪夜蛾为害已造成无法挽回的经济损失。

草地贪夜蛾成虫迁飞能力极强，据报道其成虫在风向合适时每晚可迁飞100 km[6]。……