邹德勇　杨智越　杜春梅

摘要 为了得到能够有效抑制马唐Digitaria sanguinalis生长的生防微生物，在农田采集马唐种子，进行萌发试验，观察种子的萌发状况，从发病的种子和马唐幼苗基部分离致病菌，通过形态学观察以及ITS 序列分析对致病菌进行鉴定。结果从罹病的马唐幼苗基部分离得到一株致病菌HD-06，该菌株的发酵液用水稀释至60%浓度时，对马唐种子的萌发抑制率和幼苗发病率均达到100%，这说明菌株HD-06对马唐有较好的生物防治作用。根据其形态学特点及ITS 序列分析结果，鉴定菌株HD-06为暗球腔菌属Phaeosphaeria的真菌。这些结果为深入研究其对马唐的防治作用奠定了基础。

关键词 马唐; 生防菌; 致病性; 鉴定

中图分类号： S 476

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019166

Pathogenicity of Phaeosphaeria sp. HD-06 against Digitaria sanguinalis and the preliminary identification of the strain

ZOU Deyong1，2， YANG Zhiyue3， DU Chunmei1，2*

（1. Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology， Ministry of Education， Heilongjiang University，

Harbin 150500， China; 2. Key Laboratory of Microbiology， College of Heilongjiang Province， School of Life Sciences，

Heilongjiang University， Harbin 150080， China; 3. Harbin Xingpu Feed Company， Harbin 150010， China）

Abstract

In order to obtain the effective biocontrol microorganism for inhibiting the growth of Digitaria sanguinalis， the seeds of crabgrass were collected in the farmland， and seed germination test was carried out. The germinating situation was tracked over time; meanwhile， the pathogens were isolated from the diseased seeds and the seedling base， and morphological observation and ITS sequence analysis were conducted to identify the pathogenic fungi. The results showed that a disease-causing strain named HD-06 was successfully isolated from diseased crabgrass seedling base. When the fermentation broth of strain HD-06 was diluted by 60% with water， the germination inhibition rate and seedling disease incidence rate of crabgrass reached 100% after treatment. It indicated that strain HD-06 had a good biological control effect on crabgrass. According to the morphological characteristics and ITS sequence analysis results， strain HD-06 was identified as a fungus of the genus Phaeosphaeria. These results laid a foundation for further research on its control effect on crabgrass.

Key words

Digitaria sanguinalis; biocontrol bacteria; pathogenicity; identification

马唐Digitaria sanguinalis是禾本科单子叶植物，是一种秋熟作物农田中的杂草，在热带和温带地区的36个国家均有分布，对30多种农作物的生产有严重危害[1]。由于马唐具有极强的抗逆能力和营养竞争力，能够在水、旱等多种类型的连作农田中快速蔓延，极难防除，被列为18种恶性杂草之一[2]。化学农药的长期施用导致马唐已经对草甘膦[3-4]、氟磺草胺、噁唑酰草胺、精噁唑禾草灵、烟嘧磺隆[5-6]等多种除草剂产生了抗药性。而一些化学除草剂具有的潜在致癌致畸毒性也导致人们对其应用产生了一定的抵触心理。而生物除草剂具有无毒、无害、无污染、生物安全性高，且不易产生抗药性等优点，成为化学农药的良好替代品，引起人们的广泛关注。

目前国内外可用于防除……