于肖洋 华单婷

[摘要] 许多实验证明，纯钛种植体可以获得有效的牙龈封闭即生物学宽度，牙龈与纯钛种植体以半桥粒的方式连接，这为植体抵御口腔细菌侵袭提供了初期保护屏障。但陶瓷种植体应用于临床之后，除了需要致力于植体与骨结合和植体本身强度韧度等性能外，植体与牙龈的结合关乎着植体的远期使用寿命，同样应被更多学者所关注。希望找出一种既能与牙槽骨结合，又能与牙龈组织结合的植体表面处理方法。本文旨在总结世界范围内对于陶瓷植体与软组织结合的研究情况，从而理清陶瓷种植体表面处理技术未来的研究方向。

[关键词] 陶瓷;牙龈;结合;表面处理

[中图分类号] R783.1          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）18-0185-04

Research progress of the combination of ceramic implant and gingiva

YU Xiaoyang1   HUA Danting2

1.Department of Dentistry， Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital， Hangzhou   310006， China; 2.Department of Rehabilitation， Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital， Hangzhou   310006， China

[Abstract] Many experiments have proved that pure titanium implants can obtain effective gingival sealing， namely biological width. The gingiva and pure titanium implants are connected by semi-desmosomes， which provides an initial protective barrier for the implants to withstand the invasion of oral bacteria. However， after the ceramic implant is used in clinic， in addition to the need to commit to the combination of implant and bone and the strength and toughness of the implant itself， the combination of implant and gingiva is related to the long-term service life of the implant， and should also draw more attention from the scholars. It is a prospect to find a method for surface treatment of implants that can be combined with both alveolar bone and gingival tissue. This article aims to summarize the worldwide research on the combination of ceramic implants and soft tissues， so as to clarify the future research direction of ceramic implant surface treatment technology.

[Key words] Ceramics; Gingiva; Combination; Surface treatment

牙科种植修复是口腔牙列部分缺失修复的常见治疗方式。只要有足够的初期稳定性，无论是即刻修复还是延期修复都可以得到良好的骨结合。

随着临床应用增多，钛种植体的问题也逐渐显现：由于钛金属固有颜色，种植区牙龈过薄或者牙龈退缩导致的美学问题;钛及合金的耐腐蚀性受到口内复杂的环境影响，仍会有金属离子从植入物缓慢释放，可能会诱导骨吸收，造成种植失败，金属离子还会在周围软组织、淋巴结或体内其他位置堆积，可能是潜在致敏原[1-4];进行头颈部MRI检查时，种植体会形成伪影，对局部软组织成像有一定影响[5]。因此，学者们对新型的非金属植入材料开展了进一步研究。

1陶瓷植体的……