朱洪涛 牛晓宏

摘 要：[目的/意义]知识共享许可协议（CC协议）是解决开放获取领域著作权问题的新思路。通过对CC协议应用状况的调查与分析，既能为用户解答为什么某些领域采用最严格的许可协议类型，帮助其更好地理解CC协议，又能为解决开放获取领域中存在的版权纠纷问题提供思路。[方法/过程]本文采用网络调研、文献分析及对比研究相结合的方法，通过调查DOAJ平台使用的CC协议种类及数量，从时间、国别、主题3个维度比较不同类型的CC协议应用情况，分析其存在显著差异的原因。[结果/结论]经调研与分析发现，CC协议能够依据各国情况灵活应用。DOAJ平台中CC协议应用差异受内在的个人意愿与外在的社会环境双方影响，其中外部因素的影响作用更为显著。分析其授权差异的原因，有利于将CC协议应用到更广泛的开放获取中，用以提高开放数据的利用率。

关键词：知识共享许可协议;DOAJ;CC协议;开放获取

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2020.05.017

〔中图分类号〕G253 〔文献标识码〕A 〔文章编号〕1008-0821（2020）05-0140-08

An Analysis of the Reasons for the Authorize Difference of

Creative Commons License

——Based on DOAJ Platform

Zhu Hongtao1，2 Niu Xiaohong1

（1.School of Information Management，Heilongjiang University，Harbin 150080，China;

2.The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College，Qiqihar 161000，China）

Abstract：[Purpose/Significance]The Creative Commons License（CC License）is a new way to solve copyright issues in the field of open access.Through the investigation and analysis of the application status of CC licenses，it can not only help users understand why some areas use the strongest type of licenses and better understand CC licenses，but also provide ideas for copyright disputes in the field of open access.[Method/Process]This article adopted a combination of network research，literature analysis and comparative research.By investigating the types and number of CC licenses used on the DOAJ platform，the application situation of different types of CC licenses was compared from three dimensions：time，country，and theme.And it analyzed the reasons for the significant differences.[Result/Conclusion]After investigation，it was found that the CC license can be flexibly applied according to the conditions of various countries.The differences in the application of CC licenses on the DOAJ platform were affected by both the personal preference and the external social environment，of which the influence of external factors was more significant.Understanding the reasons for the licensing differences makes it easier to apply CC licenses to wider open access to improve the utilization of useful data.

Key words：Creative Commons License;CC License;DOAJ;open access

CC協议源于20世纪80年代的开源软件运动，由美国法律学者Lawrence Lessig开发[1]。Lessig认为传统的版权法在公众获取创造性作品方面已变得过于严格，限制了知识的广泛传播与使用。因此Lessig寻求到一个起源于私人领域的解决方案，旨在为完全受版权保护的作品与公共领域的作品之间提供一个中间带，为创作者提供一种两全其美的方式，既保护其对作品的所有权，又鼓励创作者将其作品广泛地传播与使用，CC协议便由此产生。

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