何得桂 张硕

摘要：随着农村经济社会的快速发展，女性社会地位提升，改变了传统意义上“男主外、女主内”的角色分工模式，导致其多重角色冲突愈发凸显。抗逆力是提升农村已婚中青年女性角色地位、缓解角色冲突以及保证正常生活的重要途径。可从抗逆认知和抗逆支持两方面提升农村已婚中青年女性的抗逆力。具体说来，可通过开展多渠道培训调整角色代偿意识、型塑现代女性角色期望、扩充亲缘、地缘、业缘“三缘”社会网络，减轻角色冲突对农村已婚中青年女性造成的困扰，使其摆脱压力的束缚，从而达致积极性抗逆重构。

关键词：农村女性；角色冲突；积极抗逆力；重构

中图分类号：D422.6文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-5103（2020）03-0075-（13）

Types of Role Conflicts of Rural Married Middle-aged and Young Women and Their Optimization Paths from the Perspective of Positive stress resistance

HE DeguiZHANG Shuo

Abstract：With the rapid development of the rural economy and society，the advancement of womens social status has been changed the traditional role division model of "men outside the home and women inside"，resulting in their multiple role conflicts becoming more prominent.Resilience is an important way to improve the role status of married middle-aged and young women in rural areas，ease role conflicts and ensure normal life.It can improve the resilience of married middle-aged and young women in rural areas from the perspective of resilience cognition and resilience support.Specifically，multi-channel training seminars can be used to adjust the role compensation consciousness，shape the expectations of modern womens roles，expand the kinship，geography and vocational "three-margin" social network，and reduce the role conflicts caused to rural married young women to get rid of the shackles of stress，so as to achieve positive restructuring.

Key words：rural women；role conflict；positive stress resistance；reconstruction

一、問题的提出

在当下的农村社会，大多数已婚女性为了脱贫和维持生计进入职业岗位，从而需要在个人与家庭、家庭与工作之间寻求更多的平衡。改革开放以来，随着社会的现代性转型，“天赋人权”、自由平等与女权主义等思想观念逐渐被农村女性接受。相比“三纲五常”的传统社会，现代社会没有了强制性的习俗与规范，女性的活动范围跳出了家庭的束缚，逐渐走向了大社会；期间，女性扮演了多种不同的角色[1]。由于角色间角色规范的非完全同一性，女性不可避免地产生了角色冲突，这种冲突在深受传统与现代“拉扯”的农村地区尤为明显。通常情况下，大部分农村女性由于缺乏现代性的平等理念与女权主义观念，在冲突来临时缺乏相应的抗逆认知，也没有足够的抗逆支持来应对。……