帕金森病不同运动障碍亚型的临床特征比较
2020-08-06庞坚信黄沛钰王冬女黄善强刘素芝
庞坚信 黄沛钰 王冬女 黄善强 刘素芝


[摘要] 目的 比較不同运动障碍亚型帕金森病患者的临床特征,提高对帕金森病运动障碍的认识。 方法 收集帕金森病患者76例,据统一帕金森病评估量表(UPDRS)评分分为震颤为主型PD(TD-PD)组19例、姿势异常步态障碍为主型PD(PIGD-PD)组47例和不确定型PD组10例,记录所有PD患者年龄、性别、受教育程度、病程、起病年龄、起病部位、UPDRS评分、改良Hoehn-Yahr分期评分、简易精神状态监测量表(MMSE)评分、蒙特利尔认知量表(MoCA)评分、老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、生活质量量表(PDQ-8)评分、Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分、冻结步态量表(NFOG-Q)评分、便秘临床评分量表(CCS)评分和便秘生活质量量表(PAC-QOL)评分,统计分析TD-PD组和PIGD-PD组临床特征的差异。 结果 性别构成在两组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),TD-PD组男性较多,而PIGD-PD组女性较多。两组患者UPDRS-Ⅰ、UPDRS-Ⅱ、改良Hoehn-Yahr分期、GDS-15、HAMA、HAMD、BBS、NFOG-Q、PAC-QOL评分均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。 结论 帕金森病不同运动障碍亚型之间存在明显的异质性,提高对运动障碍亚型的认识利于分组诊治。
[关键词] 帕金森病;震颤;姿势异常步态障碍;运动障碍亚型;临床特征
[中图分类号] R742.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2020)16-0017-04
Comparison of clinical characteristics of Parkinson's disease with different dyskinesia subtypes
PANG Jianxin1 HUANG Peiyu2 WANG Dongnv1 HUANG Shanqiang1 LIU Suzhi1
1.Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai 317000, China; 2.The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
[Abstract] Objective To compare the clinical characteristics of patients with different dyskinesia subtypes of Parkinson's disease and improve their understanding of Parkinson's disease with dyskinesia. Methods A total of 76 patients with Parkinson's disease were collected and divided into tremor dominant PD (TD-PD) group (n=19), posture instability and gait disorder(PIGD-PD)group (n=47) and uncertain PD group (n=10), according to the unified Parkinson's disease rate scale (UPDRS) score. All PD patients' age, gender, education level, course of disease, age of onset, location of onset, UPDRS score, modified Hoehn-Yahr stage score, mini-mental state examination(MMSE)score, Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score, Geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) score, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) score, Parkinson's disease quality of life scale(PDQ-8) score, Berg balance scale(BBS) score, frozen gait scale(NFOG-Q) score, constipation clinical score scale(CCS) score, and constipation quality of life scale(PAC-QOL) score were recorded. The differences in clinical characteristics between the TD-PD group and the PIGD-PD group were statistically analyzed. Results There was a significant difference in gender composition between the two groups(P<0.05). There were more males in the TD-PD group and more females in the PIGD-PD group. There were significant differences in UPDRS-Ⅰ,UPDRS-Ⅱ, modified Hoehn-Yahr staging, GDS-15, HAMA, HAMD, BBS,NFOG-Q, and PAC-QOL scores between the two groups(P<0.05). Conclusion There are obvious heterogeneity among different dyskinesia subtypes in Parkinson's disease. Improving the understanding of dyskinesia subtypes is helpful for group diagnosis and treatment.
[Key words] Parkinson's disease; Tremor; Posture instability and gait disorder; Dyskinesia subtype; Clinical characteristics
帕金森病(Parkinsons disease,PD)是一种常见于中老年人的慢性进展性中枢神经系统退行性疾病,在我国65岁以上人群的患病率为1700/10万,且随着年龄的增加而增加[1,2]。我国逐步进入到老年化社会,PD患者会越来越多,给家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。PD主要运动症状为运动迟缓(bradykinesia)、肌强直(rigdity)、静止性震颤(static tremor)和姿势步态障碍(postural instability gait difficulty),并伴随不同的非运动症状(non-motor symptoms,NMS),如嗅觉减退、抑郁、便秘、白天过度嗜睡等[1,3]。研究发现,不同患者其运动症状存在明显的不同,即有的患者以震颤为主要表现,而有的患者以姿势异常步态障碍为主要表现,以两种不同运动障碍为主要表现的患者在起病年龄、疾病进展速度、对多巴胺替代药物治疗的反应性及伴随的非运动症状等方面存在明显的异质性[4,5]。……
