丁莺 何洋 杨毅

[摘要] 长链非编码RNA是一种长度大于200个核苷酸的非编码RNA，可在表观遗传、转录以及转录后三个水平调控基因的表达，具有多种生物学功能。胰腺作为人体中最主要、最复杂的器官之一，其生理作用和病理变化均与机体健康息息相关。本文通过搜集大量国内外相关文献，描述并归纳了长链非编码RNA在胰腺疾病，如胰腺炎、胰腺癌、糖尿病中所发挥的作用。本综述旨在提高临床医生对胰腺相关疾病的认知及为其提供新的诊疗方向，并为以后LncRNAs在胰腺疾病中的功能研究奠定基础。

[关键词] 长链非编码RNA;胰腺;胰腺炎;胰腺癌;糖尿病

[中图分类号] R735.9          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）16-0187-06

Progress of the research on long-chain non-coding RNA and pancreas related diseases

DING Ying1   HE Yang2   YANG Yi3

1.Department of Critical Care Medicine，Xiasha Division，Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine，Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital， Hangzhou 310018，China;2.Department of Emergency Medicine，Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine，Hangzhou 310016，China;3.Department of Pharmacy，Xiasha Division，Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine，Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital，Hangzhou 310018， China

[Abstract] Long-chain non-coding RNA is a non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. It can regulate gene expression at epigenetic， transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels，and it has a variety of biological functions. Pancreas is one of the most important and complicated organs in human body. Its physiological function and pathological changes are closely related to body health. This paper described and summarized the role of long-chain non-coding RNA in pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis，pancreatic cancer and diabetes by collecting a large number of relevant domestic and foreign literatures. The purpose of this review is to improve clinicians' understanding of pancreas related diseases and provide a new diagnosis and treatment direction for them，and lay a foundation for future research on the function of LncRNAs in pancreatic diseases.

[Key words] Long-chain non-coding RNA （LncRNAs）; Pancreas; Pancreatitis; Pancreatic cancer; Diabetes

在過去很长的一段时间内，RNA只被认为是一座将遗传信息从DNA转移到蛋白质的桥梁，然而，人类基因组测序结果显示，虽然有70%的基因组会转录为RNA，但人类仅有约占全基因组2%的基因（20 000个）编码蛋白质[1]。这个结果促使人们注意到了数量庞大的非编码RNA（non-coding RNA，ncRNA）的存在，但由于其不编码蛋白质，ncRNA曾一度被认为是一种“转录噪音”。近几十年来，随着各种高通量和深度测序技术的发展，ncRNA在调控基因和发育方面的生物功能越来越多的被人类发现[2，3]。长链非编码RNA（Long non-coding RNA，LncRNA）是一种长度大于200个氨基酸的非编码RNA，可参与多种生物过程。越来越多的研究也表明，在胰腺炎、胰腺癌、糖尿病等胰腺相关疾病中，LncRNA的表达出现变化，提示LncRNA可能在其中发挥重要作用[4]。

为了更清楚了解LncRNA与胰腺及胰腺相关疾病之间的关系，为以后LncRNA在胰腺中的功能研究奠定基础，在本文中就LncRNA与胰腺相关疾病的研究进展进行讨论。……