孙伟

关键词：黄河流域;能源生态效率;SBM-DEA;空间计量模型

摘 要：运用SBM-DEA模型，在考虑非期望产出的情况下测算了2003-2016年黄河流域62个地级市的能源生态效率，探讨黄河流域不同区域能源生态效率间的空间差异，并利用能源生态效率的动态变动分析内部因素的影响，利用空间计量检验外部因素的影响。结果表明：黄河流域范围内城市能源生态效率普遍偏低，且中游区域的能源生态效率低于上游和下游区域;能源生态效率的提高依赖于效率改进而非技术进步;提高能源生态效率应调整产业结构，发挥交通基础设施的作用。

中图分类号：F069.9文献标志码：A文章编号：1001-2435（2020）02-0149-09

Analysis on the Spatial and Temporal Differences of Urban Energy Eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin and Its Influencing Factors

SUN Wei（School of Economics and Management，Institute of Urban Economy and Regional Development，Anhui Jianzhu University，Hefei 230601，China）

Key words：Yellow River Basin;Energy Eco-efficiency;SBM-DEA;Spatial Econometric Models

Abstract：The present study employs SBM-DEA model to calculate the energy eco-efficiency of 62 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2003 to 2016 in consideration of undesirable output. It explores the spatial differences of energy eco-efficiency in different regions of the Yellow River Basin，uses the dynamic changes of the energy ecological efficiency to analyze the influence of internal factors，and examines the influence of external factors with spatial econometric approaches. The results show that the urban energy eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is generally low，and the energy eco-efficiency in the middle reaches is lower than the upstream and downstream regions;the improvement of energy eco-efficiency depends on efficiency improvement rather than technological progress;the improvement of energy eco-efficiency can be achieved by the adjustment of industrial structure and full utilization of the transportation infrastructure.

一、引 言

作为中华文明主要发祥地的黄河流域，是我国重要的生态功能区，也是华北地区的生态屏障。黄河流域拥有丰富的自然资源，是我国煤炭与电力最主要的生产基地与供应基地，其煤炭产量占全国总产量的70%，占一次能源生产量的40%。[1]黄河流域在国家发展中具有重要的战略地位，党中央高度重视黄河流域的高质量发展，习近平总书记多次提出黄河流域要走生态保护和高质量发展的路子。

近年来，黄河流域的生态环境建设取得了突破性进展，但黄河流域资源环境存在高负载、生态环境脆弱、水资源短缺等问题[2]，黄河流域的高质量发展任重而道远。关于要素禀赋、生态补偿、水资源利用以及经济发展等问题，一直是黄河流域研究的重要方面。要素稟赋的差异是黄河流域经济空间分异的重要原因。……