刘晶　陈新永　姜甜甜　李洪波　田在锋

摘要 根据某流域山区河流自然环境现状特征及北方冬季寒冷的特点，采用“双肾型”布水方案，设计构建生态护岸+生态沟+人工表面流湿地+人工潜流湿地复合型净化系统处理受污染河水。通过恢复湿地植物，协调水与动植物的关系，健全其湿地生态系统，促进湿地自然发育，提高生物多样性。复合型人工湿地明显提高了污染物去除效率，为河流水质稳定达标提供了技术支撑。

关键词 山区河流;受污染河水;复合型净化系统;稳定达标

中图分类号 X522文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2020）11-0210-03

Abstract According to the current situation of the river natural environment in a mountainous area of a river basin and the characteristics of the cold winter in the north， the “twokidney” water distribution scheme was adopted to design and construct the ecological revetment + ecological ditch + artificial surface flow wetland + artificial subsurface flow wetland complex purification system to deal with the polluted river water. Through restoring wetland plants， coordinating the relationship between water and plants and animals， perfecting their wetland ecosystem， promoting the natural development of wetlands and improving biodiversity，the composite constructed wetland was significantly improved the removal efficiency of pollutants， which provided technical support for the river water quality to reach the standard stably.

Key words Mountain river;Polluted river water;Composite purification system;Steady and standardized

人工濕地是一种新型污水生态处理技术，它是以太阳能为驱动力，在植物、微生物和介质共同作用下达到净化水质的目的，具有投资少、运行管理方便、出水水质稳定、景观效果好、经济效益可持续等优点，是处理污水不可或缺的技术之一[1-3]。人工湿地被广泛应用于净化工业废水、污水处理厂尾水、农村生活污水、垃圾渗滤液、河流微污染水、农田排水、降雨径流及冰雪融水等[4-8]。根据人工湿地系统中水流方式的不同，人工湿地可分为表面流人工湿地、水平潜流人工湿地、垂直潜流人工湿地。针对不同的进水水质特点和地区景观特点，选择合适的湿地类型、基质类型、植物种类和配置方式以及运行参数，是湿地稳定高效运行的关键。近几年研究表明复合型人工湿地在净化水质方面有较大优势，可以有效将各种湿地的优点相结合，对污水水质的改善远高于单一湿地系统的应用[9-11]。……