邵玲　李咏珊　林佳虹　李淑银　林培华

摘要 以德庆县回龙和官圩镇的5个主栽淮山品种为材料，检测各营养成分含量，通过系统聚类法分析品种间营养成分的相关性。结果表明，德庆5个淮山种植品种营养成分含量存在差异性，回龙小叶紫淮山的蛋白质、直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量最优，总可溶性固形物和可溶性总糖则以回龙小叶白淮山含量最高，同一品种内各营养成分间存在一定的互作效应。不同品种营养性状间变异系数较大，支链淀粉、直链淀粉和维生素C含量变异系数较大，分别达65.05%、64.82%和58.02%。5个品种中，回龙所产小叶紫淮山和大叶紫淮山的营养品质较优，适宜作为德庆淮山品种选育的薯种。

关键词 淮山;营养成分;相关性分析;品种选育;广东德庆

中图分类号 S632.1文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）11-0207-03

Abstract The five main Dioscorea opposita varieties planted in Huilong and Guanxu towns in Deqing County were used as materials，and the contents of each nutrient component were tested.The correlation between the nutritional components among the varieties was analyzed by systematic clustering method.The results showed that there were differences in nutrient contents among five Dioscorea opposita local varieties in Deqing.The contents of protein，amylose and amylopectin were the best in the smallleaf purple Dioscorea opposita produced in Huilong.The content of total soluble solids and total soluble sugar were the highest in the bigleaf white Dioscorea opposita produced in Huilong ，and there was a certain interaction between the nutrient components in the same variety.The variation coefficients of nutrient traits of different varieties were larger，and the variation coefficients of amylopectin，amylose and vitamin C content were larger，reaching 65.05%，64.82% and 58.02% respectively.Among the five varieties，the nutritional quality of the smallleaf purple Dioscorea opposita and the bigleaf white Dioscorea opposita produced in Huilong were better，and they were suitable for variety breeding of Dioscorea opposita in Deqing.

Key words Dioscorea opposita;Nutritional ingredients;Correlation analysis;Variety breeding;Deqing County of Guangdong Province

淮山（Dioscorea opposita Thunb）是薯蕷科（Dioscoreaceae）薯蓣属（Dioscorea）多个种的统称，为多年生缠绕草质藤本植物[1]。淮山又名薯、土薯、山薯、山芋、山药、玉延，据《本草纲目》记载，具有益肾气、健脾胃、止泄痢、化痰涎、润皮毛功效[2]，《神农本草经》将其列为上品。淮山肉质块茎富含淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪酸、维生素、微量元素以及多种药用成分等，具有提高免疫力、改善消化、降血糖等多方面作用，是一种具有良好市场前景和产业开发潜力的药食兼用高效经济作物[3-4]。我国淮山品种资源丰富，在全国大部地区均有分布种植，1964—1974年在我国20多个省区620多个县进行植物资源调查发现，我国约有49种薯蓣属植物[5]。随着人们生活水平的提高、膳食结构的改变、市场需求的增加及农业结构调整的需要，研究与开发淮山品种已成为热点[6]。……