谢萍

摘要 地理国情作为基本国情的重要组成部分，近年来受到越来越多的关注和重视。笔者基于全方面获取的多尺度和多时相遥感影像、土地利用数据、社会经济统计信息以及历史数据等地理国情普查成果，对广东省建设发展过程中的土地利用基础状况、生态资产、生态系统服务价值以及生态风险情况进行动态监测与分析。结果表明：①2005—2016年间，广东省建设用地占比逐年增加的态势明显，生态用地面积不断降低，林地占比逐年减少;②生态资产高值区集中分布于粤西、粤北和粤东区域，珠三角区域整体生态资产总额较低;③生态系统服务价值最高的区域分布在粤西雷州半岛南部、江门市以及珠海市，珠三角区域的广州市、佛山市生态服务价值较低;④珠江三角州城市群区域，由于生态风险指数不断上升，高生态风险区在此形成。该研究结果有助于掌握研究时期内广东省地理国情演变的客观规律，同时为加强生态环境保护、制定合理的发展战略与规划、深化国土空间开发格局等提供重要依据。

关键词 遥感监测;国土资源;地理国情;综合评价;广东省

中图分类号 X83文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）11-0077-05

Abstract As an important part of the basic national conditions，geographical situation has received more and more attention in recent years.This study through a comprehensive multiscale and multitemporal access to historical data，remote sensing images，the information of land use and social economic statistics data of Geographic National Census results，the dynamic monitoring and analysis was conducted on the basic situation and ecological capital and ecosystem services of land use in the development process of Guangdong Province.The results showed that： the proportion of construction land use in Guangdong Province in 2005-2016 is increasing year by year，the proportion of woodland is decreasing year by year，and the construction land is increasing continuously; the distribution of ecological assets is mainly concentrated in western Guangdong，northern Guangdong and eastern Guangdong，and the total ecological assets of the Pearl River Delta are low; the most valuable areas are mainly located in the southern part of Leizhou Peninsula，Jiangmen and Zhuhai，and the lowest value of ecosystem services in Guangzhou and Foshan; the ecological risk area is mainly concentrated in the urban agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta，and the ecological risk index is rising，forming a high ecological risk zone.The research results help to grasp the objective laws of the evolution of geographical conditions in Guangdong Province，and provide an important basis for strengthening the protection of ecological environment，formulating and implementing development strategies and planning，and optimizing the spatial pattern of land development.

Key words Remote sensing monitoring;Land and resources;Geographical conditions;Comprehensive evaluation;Guangdong Province

地理國情作为基本国情中不可或缺的一部分，能够全面揭示地表自然要素和人文地理要素的特征规律、空间格局及其相互关系[1-2]。国土资源监测通过对地理国情展开动态测绘与跟踪分析，综合对地理国情实际情况进行科学研究，能够提供及时、可靠、准确、权威的地理国情基础数据和研究成果[3]。……