拓阳阳　李斌　孙学永　沈嘉　孙志平　叶朝兴　张保全　程昌合

摘要 以云烟85品种为材料，采用大田试验研究了密度与氮素互作对烤烟产质量的影响。结果表明，在同等种植密度条件下，在一定范围内施肥量的增加会促使叶片长度增长;同等施肥水平条件下，种植密度对烤烟产量、产值有较大影响。综合经济性状、烤后烟结构比例、外观质量等指标，得出在凉山烟区按照1.20 m×0.55 m的株行距及施用纯氮90～105 kg/hm2种植烤烟处理的烟叶质量较好，较接近“中棵烟”质量标准。

关键词 种植密度;施氮量;产质量;中棵烟

中图分类号 S572文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）11-0038-03

Abstract Using Yunyan 85 as the experimental object， effects of density and nitrogen application amount on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied .The results showed that under the condition of the same planting density，there was a positive effect of fertilization on the increase of leaf length in a certain range. Under the same fertilization level，planting density showed great impacts on the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco. Considering the economic characteristics，structural proportion of flue-cured tobacco，appearance quality and other indicators，it could be concluded that the treatment of 1.20 m × 0.55 m row spacing and 90-105 pure nitrogen per hectare in Liangshan tobacco area showed relatively good tobacco leaf quality，which was closer to the quality standard of Zhongke tobacco.

Key words Planting density;Nitrogen application amount;Yield and quality;Zhongke tobacco

合理的种植密度和最佳施肥量是提高烤烟品质重要的农艺措施，也是培育“中棵烟”的重要手段。张庆贞等[1]、王付锋等[2]研究了不同种植密度及打顶留叶方式对烤烟产质量的影响，赵辉等[3]研究了不同密度和留叶数对烤烟质体色素及其降解产物的影响，李元实等[4]研究了种植密度及留叶数对烤烟主要含氮化合物含量的影响，刘齐元等[5]研究了施肥量对烤烟生长发育和品质的影响，安德艳等[6]、叶佳伟等[7]研究了施氮量对烤烟产质量的影响，前人关于施氮量与烤烟产质量关系研究报道也较多[6-12]，

而有关种植密度与施氮量互作对烤烟产质量的影响的研究报道较少。鉴于此，笔者以移栽密度和施肥量为研究因子，设置不同组合，研究了不同组合对烤烟群体结构及产质的影响，旨在探寻出培育“中棵煙”最适宜的移栽密度和施氮量，为凉山烟区优质烟生产相关技术措施的制定提供理论依据和技术支撑。……