化肥与农药减施替代集成技术对马铃薯生长及产量的影响
2020-06-21刘志都严国富僧珊珊汤洁
刘志都 严国富 僧珊珊 汤 洁



摘要 针对马铃薯种植范围广、肥药使用量较大的特点,雷力公司应用海藻有机肥、微生物菌剂、褐藻双寡糖和壳寡糖等产品组成雷力马铃薯肥药减施替代集成技术,开展马铃薯化学肥料替代及减施技术小区试验,研究肥药减施替代集成技术对马铃薯生长动态及产量的影响。结果表明,与常规用肥用药对照相比,在施肥量相同、农药施用量减少30%的条件下,采用雷力集成技术种植的马铃薯植株染病率降低3.86个百分点,产量增加3.96%;在施肥量降低17%、农药施用量减少30%的条件下,采用雷力集成技术种植的马铃薯植株染病率降低15.30个百分点,产量增加3.12%。
关键词 马铃薯;肥药双减;生长动态;产量
中图分类号 S532 文献标识码 A
文章编号 1007-5739(2020)11-0050-02 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)
Effect of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Pesticide Substitute Integrated Technology on Potato Growth and Yield
LIU Zhi-du YAN Guo-fu * SENG Shan-shan TANG Jie
(Beijing Leili Marine Bioindustry New Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081)
Abstract In view of the wide planting range of potato and the large amount of fertilizer used,Leili company applied seaweed organic fertilizer,microbial inoculum,alga disaccharide oligosaccharide and chitooligosaccharide to constitute the Leili potato fertilizer and pesticide reduction substitute integrated technology.A plot experiment was conducted to study the effect of Leili potato fertilizer and pesticide reduction substitute integrated technology on the growth and yield of potato.The results showed that,compared with the conventional application of fertilizer and pesticide,under the condition of the same fertilizer application rate and the reduction of pesticide application rate by 30%,the infection rate of plants in the plot under Leili integrated technology decreased by 3.86 percentage points,and the yield increased by 3.96% .Under the conditions of 17% reduction of fertilizer application and 30% reduction of pesticide application,the infection rate of the plot plants under Leili integrated technology decreased by 15.30 percentage points,and the yield increased by 3.12%.
Key words potato;double reduction of fertilizer and pesticide;growth dynamic;yield
馬铃薯不仅是粮食作物,还是重要的经济作物以及未来发展的能源作物,在全世界所有的粮食作物中,马铃薯的产量排名第4位,仅次于玉米、水稻和小麦。中国是世界上最大的马铃薯种植和生产国家,种植面积和产量均居世界首位[1]。因此,深入研究马铃薯的生长动态及其产量与品质至关重要。影响作物生长的因素很多,包括光、温、水、肥等环境因素,也包括种子质量好坏的种子遗传因素,同时也包括不同的栽培措施因素。研究不同栽培措施对农作物产量与品质的影响,有利于提高作物的产量及品质。
化肥的施用一方面促进了农作物的生长,另一方面其不合理施用又对农作物及环境造成了威胁[2]。……
