分化型甲状腺癌术后中西医研究进展
2020-06-19燕树勋刘元炜王颖
燕树勋 刘元炜 王颖
摘要 甲状腺癌(TC)是最常见的内分泌系统恶性肿瘤,其发病率近年明显上升,目前分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)术后最佳综合治疗方案是“放射性碘(RAI)治疗+促甲状腺激素(TSH)抑制治疗”,靶向治疗也日渐成熟,对DTC术后的生命质量日益关注。DTC术后预后较好,但对于术后并发症缺乏有效手段,中医治疗可改善患者的临床症状及并发症,降低复发率,提高生命质量,本人通过复习相关文献,对DTC术后的研究进展进行综述。
关键词 分化型甲状腺癌;术后;中医治疗;生命质量
Abstract Thyroid cancer(TC)is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system,and its incidence has increased significantly in recent years.Currently,the best comprehensive therapeutic scheme for differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC)after surgery is “Radioactive iodine(RAI)treatment+Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy”,and targeted therapy is also gradually mature,increasingly focusing on the quality of life after DTC.The prognosis after DTC is good,but there is no effective method for postoperative complications.The treatment of traditional Chinese medicine can improve the clinical symptoms of patients and complication,reduce the recurrence rate and improve the quality of life.This paper reviewed the research progress after DTC by reviewing relevant literature.
Keywords Differentiated thyroid cancer; After surgery; Traditional Chinese medicine treatment; Quality of life
分化型甲状腺癌(Differentiated Thyroid Cancer,DTC)发病率约占所有甲状腺癌的95%,是最常见的甲状腺癌,DTC病理类型分为乳头状癌(Papillary Thyroid Cancer,PTC)和滤泡状癌(Follicular Thyroid Cancer,FTC)及Hürthle细胞癌。高发于50岁以下成年女性,男女发病比为1∶2~3。近年国际上甲状腺癌发病明显增加,上升幅度约为5.6%~7.0%,增长之快列恶性肿瘤之首[2]。我国甲状腺癌发病趋势同国际上一致,2013年,我国255个肿瘤登记处登记甲状腺癌新发病例约14万,女性年发病率增长18.3%[3]。
1 现代医学对DTC术后的研究概况
1.1 DTC术后TSH抑制治疗 DTC作为激素依懒性肿瘤,术后甲状腺激素分泌不足,一般采用左甲状腺素钠片(Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets,L-T4)进行补充,此外,L-T4还可以抑制垂体分泌促甲状腺激素(Thyroid Stimulating Hormone,TSH),达到抑制肿瘤细胞生长的目的[4]。TSH水平是甲状腺癌的独立危险因素:体外研究发现,DTC细胞中存在TSH受体,TSH刺激能增加腺苷酸环化酶的表达,促进癌细胞的生长,随TSH血清浓度增加,恶性检出率亦随之增加[5]。TSH抑制可在一定程度上抑制肿瘤细胞生长,降低DTC的复发率和死亡率[6]。……
