曹旭含 白子兴 孙承颐 孙卫东

[摘要] 足部组织结构精细繁杂，足部疾病多种多样。本文综合分析微创技术在足部疾病应用的文献，系统介绍了微创手术技术在拇外翻、跖痛症、锤状指、跟痛症、小趾囊炎等常见足部疾病中的应用，并对微创技术应用于足部疾病的关键问题进行分析。微创技术在足部手术中应用广泛，技术成熟，但是由于其对医师经验要求较高，需要不断创新推广思路。微创技术治疗足部疾病具有切口小、损伤少、费用低、并发症少等优点，适于在基层医院推广应用。但目前缺少高质量的前瞻性随机对照研究，以证明微创手术治疗足部疾病的临床效果，需要不断对其研究改进。

[关键词] 微创;足;手术;研究进展

[中图分类号] R687.3          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）10-0189-04

[Abstract] Foot tissue structure is fine and complex and foot diseases are diverse. This paper comprehensively reviewed the literature on the application of minimally invasive technology in foot diseases， systematically introduced the application of minimally invasive surgery technology in common foot diseases such as hallux valgus， pain in metatarsus， mallet fingers， calcaneodynia， and tailor's bunion， and analyzed the key problems of minimally invasive technology applied to foot diseases. Minimally invasive technology is rather mature and widely used in foot surgery， but it is necessary for the physician to update their ides due to its high dependence on their experience. Minimally invasive technology for treating foot diseases is featured with small incisions， fewer injuries， low cost， and fewer complications， making it suitable to promote and apply for primary hospitals. However， further study still needs be conducted and improved due to the lack of high-quality prospective randomized controlled studies， so as to prove the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery in treating foot diseases.

[Key words] Minimally invasive; Foot; Surgery; Research progress

足部疾病種类繁多复杂，因其致病原因不同，治疗方法多种多样，根据切口大小分为微创手术与开放手术。足部微创外科属于微创骨科范畴，其手术多用特制的微型器械，通过小切口进入术区，利用经验完成手术。与开放手术相比，微创手术具有许多优点，包括对周围组织损伤轻微、术程短、术中出血少、瘢痕形成较小，具有便、简、易、廉等特点，临床疗效明显[1，2]。目前微创技术已用于治疗拇外翻、跖痛症、锤状趾、跟痛症、小趾囊炎、足部隆突症等，因其具有切口小、恢复快、并发症少、疗效显著等特点，受到患者及临床医师的认可。但是，微创技术在足外科的应用，应当充分把握其适应证，注意差异性，并非全部足部疾病都能依靠微创技术解决问题。……