NaCl胁迫对马铃薯生理生化特性产量及品质的影响
2020-05-21姚彦红康益晨杨昕宇李德明潘晓春李丰先董爱云
姚彦红 康益晨 杨昕宇 李德明 潘晓春 李丰先 董爱云



摘要:为探明盐胁迫对马铃薯生长发育及产量的影响,以定薯4号脱毒原原种为材料,采用盆栽方式,以4个NaCl浓度处理模拟不同程度盐逆境,研究NaCl处理对马铃薯产量、品质、抗氧化系统、叶片超微结构及淀粉粒形态的影响。结果表明,随着NaCl浓度的增加,马铃薯产量及品质均会发生不同程度的下降,叶片丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)、过氧化物酶(SOD)及超氧化歧化酶(POD)含量(活性)均有不同程度升高,叶片超微结构和淀粉粒形态发生变化。盐逆境严重抑制了马铃薯的生长发育,盐逆境下氨基酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、酚类物质含量及淀粉含量与产量呈极显著正相关。
关键词:NaCl胁迫;产量;品质;抗氧化系统;超微结构;淀粉粒
Abstract:In order to explore the effects of salt stress on potato growth and yield. Using of the original seed of Dingshu 4 as the material with the potted method, the effects of NaCl on potato yield, quality,antioxidant system, ultrastructure of leaves and starch grain morphology were studied by using 4 NaCl concentrations to simulate different degrees of salt stress. The results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration, the yield and quality of potato decreased to different degrees, the content(activity) of malondialdehyde(MDA), proline(Pro), peroxidase(SOD) and POD in leaves increased to different degrees,and the ultrastructure and starch morphology of leaves changed. The content of amino acid, soluble protein,phenolic substance and starch were positively correlated with the yield of potato under salt stress.
马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)属多年生草本植物,是我国广泛种植的一种农作物,产量高、营养丰富、味道佳,深受大众喜爱,自2015年起,我国农业部启动马铃薯主粮化战略,马铃薯在生产中的地位愈发重要[1 - 2 ]。甘肃省定西市为中国马铃薯的主产区之一,得天独厚的地理环境和自然条件使定西市成为中国乃至世界马铃薯最佳适种区之一,每年向全国各省市提供大量的马铃薯,被誉为“中国马铃薯之乡”[3 - 4 ]。然而,随着化学肥料和农药的滥施滥用,不科学的种植制度及灌水,严重影响了定西市土壤质量,加之定西市属于半干旱区,土壤蒸发量大于降水量,土壤盐分随水分的蒸发向上运动,使盐分积累在土壤表层,使得土地盐渍化愈发严重。……
