李永刚

摘  要：工作面事故统计表明，矿区工作面的事故主要由端面顶板冒顶、煤体片帮事故和机械故障事故等组成，工作面初次来压和周期来压期间发生频率较高。结合矿区实际地质条件和发生事故的特点，了解和掌握本矿工作面的矿压显现规律，最终评价支架-围岩的适应关系，确定支架-围岩控制参数，从而在前期保证工作面安全生产，保证人员和设备的安全。

关键词：初次来压;周期来压;矿压规律;矿压观测

中图分类号：TD355         文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-2945（2020）15-0088-02

Abstract： The accident statistics of the working face show that the accidents of the working face in the mining area are mainly composed of the roof falling of the end face， the coal body spalling accident and the mechanical failure accident. The frequency of the first pressure coming from the working face and the periodic pressure coming from the working face is relatively high. According to the actual geological conditions of the mining area and the characteristics of accidents， this paper tries to interpret the law of mine pressure appearance in the working face of the mine， evaluate the adaptive relationship between the support and the surrounding rock， and determine the control parameters of the support and the surrounding rock， so as to ensure the safe production of the working face and the safety of personnel and equipment in the early stage.

Keywords： initial pressure; periodic pressure; ore pressure law; ore pressure observation

1 工作面概况

某矿区全井田的地质储量为14.37亿吨，工业储量为10.36亿吨，可采煤层储量7.50亿吨，主采煤层为3#和15#煤层。地势西高东低，南高北低，最高标高1267m，最低点标高为1050m，平均1100m，井田内大面积被新生界红、黄土覆盖，基本构造形态为一单斜，近东西走向，向南倾斜，倾角为4°～21°，构造属于简单类略偏中等。

310201综采面为该煤炭有限责任公司西翼首采工作面，该工作面开采山西组中部3#煤层。工作面沿3#煤回采， 3#煤层稳定，结构简单，属中灰、低硫的优质贫瘦煤，煤层以亮煤为主，内生裂隙发育，煤层含1～2层泥质夹矸，厚度一般为0.02～0.1米，煤层中局部有冲蚀变薄现象。煤层平均厚度2.53米;局部有伪顶，为高岭土泥岩，厚度0.2米;直接顶为砂质泥岩，厚度从2.50～9.12米不等，局部有灰色细砂岩和2#煤线;老顶为灰色中砂岩，平均厚度8.0米;底板為灰黑色砂质泥岩，平均厚度9.37米。煤层瓦斯含量随着其上覆基岩的厚度增加而增加，煤层瓦斯含量均大于10m3/t，相对瓦斯涌出量为15～25m3/t，属高瓦斯工作面。……