张一鸣 刘珂 张嘉欣 王贞 王吉庆

摘 要： 黄腐酸钾、胺鲜酯和复硝酚钠是重要的生长调节物质，各自作为叶面肥单独应用在生产上取得了良好效果，为了研究其相互复配作为叶面肥组成成分的应用效果，以茄子幼苗为试材，以尿素、磷酸二氢钾、黄腐酸钾、胺鲜酯和复硝酚钠为原料组配成不同配方的叶面肥，以清水为对照，研究了不同配方叶面肥对茄子幼苗生长的影响，结果表明，不同配方叶面肥均有利于促进茄子幼苗地上部的生长，均能明显提高茄子幼苗的壮苗指数，4种叶面肥的壮苗指数与CK相比分别增加了27.26%、15.40%、22.16%、45.42%;在尿素、磷酸二氢钾和黄腐酸钾复配的基础上，添加胺鲜酯或复硝酚钠能明显促进茄子幼苗茎粗的生长，增加幼苗地上部与地下部干鲜质量和幼苗的根体积，但幼苗根长与CK相比分别减少了26.29%、24.19%;添加复硝酚钠处理比添加胺鲜酯的处理增加了11.76%的地下部干质量和4%壮苗指数，初步认为处理T4（尿素3 g·L-1、磷酸二氢钾2 g·L-1、黄腐酸钾0.06 g·L-1、复硝酚钠0.007 g·L-1）对培育茄子壮苗的效果相对较好。

关键词： 茄子; 黄腐酸钾; 胺鲜酯; 复硝酚钠; 幼苗生长

中图分类号：S641.1   文献标志码：A   文章编号：1673-2871（2020）04-056-04

Abstract： Potassium fulvic acid， diethylaminoethyl hexanoate and sodium nitraphenolate are important growth regulators， they have achieved good results in production when used as leaf fertilizer alone. In order to study the effect of their mutual compounding as leaf fertilizer components， foliar fertilizers of different formulations were prepared from urea， potassium dihydrogen phosphate， potassium fulminate， amine fresh ester and sodium compound nitrate， water was used as control， the effects of different formulations of foliar fertilizers on the growth of eggplant seedlings were studied. The results showed that different leaf fertilizers were beneficial to the growth of the aboveground part of eggplant seedlings and could significantly improve the seedling index of eggplant seedlings. Compared with control， the strong seedling indexes of four leaf fertilizers increased by 27.26%， 15.40%， 22.16% and 45.42%， respectively. On the basis of the combination of urea， potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium fulminate， the addition of amine fresh ester or sodium nitricolone could significantly promote the growth of the stem of eggplant seedlings， increase the dry fresh mass and root volume of the overground and underground parts of the seedlings， but the root length of the seedlings were decreased by 26.29% and 24.19% respectively compared with control. The treatment which was added sodium nitrate increased the dry mass of the underground parts by 11.76% and the strong seedling index by 4%， it was concluded that the treatment of T4 （urea 3 g·L-1， potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 g·L-1， potassium fulminate 0.06 g·L-1， sodium compound nitrophenol 0.007 g·L-1） was good for the cultivation of eggplant seedlings.

Key words： Eggplant; Potassium fulvic acid; Diethylaminoethyl hexanoate; Sodium nitraphenolate; Seedling growth

黃腐酸是腐殖酸类物质中的重要组成成分，是一种重要的天然植物生长调节剂[1]，具有促进作物生长， 增加叶绿素、维生素C含量和含糖量， 起到提高抗旱、抗寒、抗病能力的作用[2]，在玉米、小麦、番茄、黄瓜等作物上取得了良好的效果[3-5]。复硝酚钠是被国际粮农组织（FAO）推荐的植物生长调节剂，具有迅速渗透到植物体内，刺激植物细胞的原生质流动，提高细胞活力，同时也能促进植物生根[6]，促进生长发育[7]，提高作物的抗病、抗虫等抗逆能力[8]。……