不同营养液配方对阳台水培黄瓜的影响
2020-05-21梁峥楚晓真黄文陈曼郭竞卢钦灿龚攀
梁峥 楚晓真 黄文 陈曼 郭竞 卢钦灿 龚攀



摘 要: 以‘戴多星黄瓜为试材,系统研究了7种不同营养液配方T1~T7对阳台水培黄瓜生长的影响,通过测定黄瓜的株高、茎粗、SPAD值、产量、可溶性固形物含量和维生素C等指标,初步筛选和评价出适合阳台水培黄瓜的最佳营养液配方。结果表明:使用T7营养液配方水培黄瓜可以显著提高叶面积,达到429.25 cm2;SPAD值增至47.08;结瓜数14个、单瓜质量65.08 g和单株产量889.34 g、维生素C含量145.68 mg·kg-1和可溶性固形物含量4.24%。与其他配方相比,T7增幅差异显著,可作为阳台上水培黄瓜的最佳营养液配方。
关键词: 黄瓜;阳台;水培;生长指标;产量;营养液配方
中图分类号:S642.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673-2871(2020)04-033-05
Abstract: A cucumber variety ‘Deltastar was used as material inthis paper, the effects of seven different nutrient solution formulas T1-T7 on the growth of ‘Deltastar cucumber in hydroponic culture was studied, the plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value, yield, soluble solid content and vitamin C were investigated, the optimal nutrient solution formula for hydroponic culture on balcony was preliminarily selected and evaluated. The results showed that the leaf area, SPAD, number of fruit, weight, yield, vitamin C content and soluble solid content of cucumber were increased to 429.25 cm2, 47.08, 14,65.08 g, 889.34 g, 145.68 mg·kg-1 and 4.24%, respectively. Compared with other formulas, the physiological and biochemical index of cucumber under T7 increased significantly, which could be used as the best nutrient solution formula for cucumber hydroponics on the balcony.
Key words: Cucumber; Balcony; Hydroponic; Growth index; Yield; Nutrient solution
近年來,阳台蔬菜受到大众的关注和追捧,然而利用阳台种植蔬菜技术目前不完善,尚待进一步的研究和开发[1-9]。在阳台上种植黄瓜,需要依赖于盆栽容器、氧泵循环系统、合适的基质和营养液等,因此研发高效合理的技术体系是关键[9-12]。针对特定植物的配套营养液配方,决定了种植蔬菜的长势、产量和品质等,成为关键影响因素。近年来,针对营养元素种类、不同配比、不同激素等的研究非常多[13-15],为笔者开展黄瓜阳台水培种植技术提供了依据和便利。王晓会等[16]研究了在营养液栽培条件下,钾元素对黄瓜幼苗生物量、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量的影响。牛丽红等[17]认为适当的增施钾肥有利于改善黄瓜的植株生长状况,促进了温室黄瓜根、茎、叶的鲜质量与干质量。马存金等[18]认为在低添加量(0~2.00%)下,镁元素的添加促进了辣椒的生长发育及产量和品质的提升。……
