郭松 刘声锋 于蓉 王志强 田梅 董瑞 杨万邦

摘 要： 为提高压砂地中晚熟西瓜品种的种类数量及抗性，选用4份中晚熟西瓜自交系为亲本材料。采用Griffing方法Ⅳ配制杂交组合6个。对4个亲本及F1代的7个主要数量性状进行方差和配合力分析。结果表明，‘W08-15各性状一般配合力效应值较高，综合性状表现优良，中晚熟西瓜品种选育可用其作为主要亲本来使用。在特殊配合力相对效应值上，‘W03-15×W08-15是比较优良的杂交组合。在遗传力分析中，单果质量、果皮硬度、果肉硬度和维生素C含量分别具有较大的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力。该结果可为压砂地中晚熟西瓜杂交育种的亲本选择和选配提供依据。

关键词：西瓜; 压砂地; 主要性状; 配合力; 遗传效应

中图分类号：S651   文献标志码：A   文章编号：1673-2871（2020）04-028-05

Abstract： Four watermelon inbred lines were selected as parents in order to improve the variety quantity and resistance of medium-late maturing watermelon in sandy soil. Six cross combinations were allocated by Griffing method IV. The variance and combining ability of 7 main quantitative traits of 4 parents and F1 generation were analyzed. The results showed that： ‘W08-15 had higher GCA effect value and better comprehensive traits. It could be used as the main parent for breeding the middle and late ripening watermelon varieties. In the relative effect value of specific combining ability， ‘W03-15×W08-15 was a better hybrid combination. In heritability analysis， single fruit weight， pericarp hardness， pulp hardness and Vitamin C content exhibited greater heritability in broad sense and narrow sense respectively. The results could provide a basis for parents selection and selection of hybrid breeding of medium and late maturing watermelon in sandy soil.

Key words： Watermelon; Sand compression; Main characters; Combining ability; Hereditary effect

压砂西瓜甜瓜产业是我区农业发展的主力军，在多年不断的发展中也已形成以环香山地区为主体的产业带，是中部干旱带经济发展和农民增收致富不可替代的主要经济来源，在全国影响广泛，知名度较高。但品种种类数量、抗性等还是亟需提高的环节。

选配亲本材料是压砂地西瓜育种中一个关键环节，张正圣等[1]认为，配合力是亲本组配杂交育种的一种潜在能力;邱新平[2]认为一般配合力高的性状，其遗传力也高，且受外界环境的影响较小;栾非时等[3]也做了甜瓜育种的亲本分析和评价，不仅减少工作量，还可缩短育种年限。刘勇等[4]研究认为，果皮性状的一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差所占比例为50%左右。……