APP下载

不同补光时长对日光温室西葫芦生长、品质及产量的影响

2020-05-21王舒亚徐威唐中祺王鹏景涛刘琪马正宇吕剑郁继华

中国瓜菜 2020年4期
关键词:产量生长

王舒亚 徐威 唐中祺 王鹏 景涛 刘琪 马正宇 吕剑 郁继华

摘 要: 我国西北地区冬季光照时间短,日光温室内部光照不足,严重影响设施越冬茬蔬菜的生长发育,本试验使用LED植物生长灯对日光温室西葫芦进行补光,以期筛选出西北地区设施越冬茬西葫芦栽培最佳补光时长,为日光温室补光技术的研究和应用提供理论依据。在日光温室条件下,以LED植物生长灯(红蓝7∶2)为补光光源,以不补光为对照,研究不同补光时长(1、2、3 h)对西葫芦生长发育、品质、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:与无补光对照相比,补光2、3 h处理显著增加西葫芦果实中维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白含量和糖酸比;补光3 h处理西葫芦的单株结果数、单果质量和产量均显著增加,增幅分别为11.9%、6.8%和11.5%,并且补光3 h处理每667 m2增加西葫芦经济收入1 307.3元。综上,补光3 h对西葫芦的果实品质改善、产量的提高及农户收入的增加效果最好。

关键词: 西葫芦;补光;日光温室;生长;品质;产量

中图分类号:S642.6   文献标志码:A   文章编号:1673-2871(2020)04-023-05

Abstact: The winter sunshine time in northwest China is short, and the light in solar greenhouse is insufficient, which seriously affects the growth and development of winter vegetables. LED lights were used to fill the sunlight of solar greenhouse for planting squash, in order to find out the optimal time for supplemental lighting for cultivation and provide theoretical basis for research and application. Under the normal condition of solar greenhouse, LED plant growth lamps (the ratio of red to blue light is 7∶2) were used as the complementary light source, and different light filling time (1, 2, 3 h) was used to study the growth, quality, yield and economic benefits of squash. The results showed that compared with control (no light replenishing), the treatment of 2 h and 3h light supplementation significantly increased the vitamin C content, soluble protein content and sugar-to-acid ratio of squash fruits. The number of single plant, single fruit quality and yield of squash increased significantly by 11.99%, 6.8% and 11.5% respectively after supplemented with light for 3 h, and the economic income of squash increased by 1 307.3 yuan per 667 m2 after light supplementation for 3h. In conclusion, the supplemental light for 3 h has the maximum effect on the improvement of fruit quality, yield of squash and income.

Key words:Cucurbita pepo; light supplement; Greenhouse; Growth; Quality; Yield

西葫蘆又名美洲南瓜(Cucurbita pepo Linn.),葫芦科(Cucurbitaceae)南瓜属一年生蔓生草本植物,别名番瓜、荨瓜、菜瓜等。原产北美洲南部。西葫芦富含多种维生素、葡萄糖及矿物质,尤其是钙的含量极高,且西葫芦较耐低温、抗旱、结果早,比较适合于保护地栽培。截至2015年,我国西葫芦的种植面积已经超过3.33万hm2,总产值持续增长,种植面积和产量均位居世界前列,成为了总产值仅次于黄瓜的主要果菜[1-5]。

光是植物生长发育过程中最重要的环境因子,同时也是植物物质和能量代谢的基础,影响着光合产物的积累和产量形成,光和激素信号、糖信号一起调节植物的一些代谢过程。……

登录APP查看全文

猜你喜欢

产量生长
2022年11月份我国锌产量同比增长2.9% 铅产量同比增长5.6%
提高玉米产量 膜下滴灌有效
碗莲生长记
世界致密油产量发展趋势
海水稻产量测评平均产量逐年递增
共享出行不再“野蛮生长”
生长在哪里的启示
2018年我国主要水果产量按省(区、市)分布
野蛮生长
生长