安全阀阀腔流动特性分析及数值模拟
2020-05-21李媛张惠兵戴野张瀚博刘瑞史耀军
李媛 张惠兵 戴野 张瀚博 刘瑞 史耀军



摘 要:为研究安全阀阀腔流动特性对安全阀启闭性能的影响,加强对安全阀结构的优化与设计。通过计算流体力学对其分析了不同开度下阀腔介质流动特性与压力分布,以及启闭时安全阀阀腔流场变化规律及影响因素。结果表明:弹簧的刚度与理论刚度相吻合;导向套开槽尺寸对流量影响不大、套筒斜面角度对流量的影响基本成线性变化、随着入口口径的增加质量流量和轴向力均減小。
关键词:核级安全阀;结构设计;流场分析;数值模拟
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2020.01.003
中图分类号: TH122
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2020)01-0015-07
Abstract:The flow characteristics of the valve cavity directly affect the opening and closing performance of the safety valveBased on the theory of fluid dynamics, we establish the finite element model of valve flow field, and the change rule and influencing factors of valve cavity flow field during opening and closing are analyzedWe take a kind of nuclear-level spring type safety valve as the research object, and the medium flow characteristics and pressure distribution in the valve chamber under different opening degrees were calculated, the valve lift curve is derivedThe influence of the groove size of the guide sleeve, the angle of the inclined surface of the guide sleeve, and the diameter of the inlet valve seat on the flow characteristics of the valve chamber medium is obtainedThe research results can guide the setting of safety valve cavity structure parameters, and provide theoretical basis for the flow characteristics and structural optimization of spring type safety valve-
Keywords:nuclear grade safety valve; structure design; flow field analysis; numerical simulation
0 引 言
核级阀门作为核电技术中的重要耗材,其需求规模不断扩大,其中安全阀在系统中起安全保护作用,保证设备不因高压而发生事故[1]。本文研究的新型核级安全阀,是一种弹簧式安全阀结构,利用弹簧加载于阀瓣上,属于直接载荷式安全阀[2]。安全
阀具有结构完善、体积精巧、可施加载荷的范围较大,并且对振动载荷因素不敏感等优点。但当载荷随阀瓣的开启而不断増加,使得旧结构的弹簧直接载荷式安全阀不能达到较大的阀瓣开启高度,以至于限制了安全阀的应用范围,更使得安全阀需要依靠引进国外技术。为了克服上述缺点并加速安全阀国产化,新型核级安全阀的结构可从两个方面进行改进,进而増大流体介质对阀瓣的作用:第1点可增加阀瓣的有效面积,从而增加承受介质静压力和冲击作用;第2点可通过控制介质的动量的变化,获得阀瓣升力,这样可以通过控制弹簧刚度的手段进行。……
