马军翔 潘小鹏 沈濂 李栋 黄益 郑今欢

摘 要：为解决溶剂型聚氨酯仿皮涂层加工中有机溶剂挥发对环境及人员健康的危害，开发环保型水性聚氨酯仿皮涂层剂以取代溶剂型产品。从水性聚氨酯树脂优选，水性聚氨酯固化膜拉伸物理机械性能，水性聚氨酯涂层剂消泡性能及水性聚氨酯着色涂层加工工艺等方面进行了研究。结果表明：当涂层配方为质量分数97%水性聚氨酯PUE-1401、1%着色剂颜料、0.5%消泡剂AFCONA 2502、1% SA海藻酸钠;涂层加工条件为固化温度150 ℃、固化时间3 min，所制备的水性聚氨酯仿皮着色涂层面料耐干、湿摩擦色牢度分别可达3～4级和3级，且涂层表面手感柔软爽滑。上述研究结果可为企业开发水性聚氨酯仿皮着色涂层产品提供理论支持和技术方案。

关键词：仿皮涂层;水性聚氨酯;物理机械性能;摩擦色牢度

Abstract：In order to solve the environmental and human health hazards of volatile organic solvents in processing solvent-based polyurethane imitation leather coating， this study attempts to develop environment-friendly waterborne polyurethane imitation leather coating agents to replace solvent-based products. In this study， the selection of waterborne polyurethane resins， the physical and mechanical properties of waterborne polyurethane cured film as well as defoaming performance of waterborne polyurethane coating agent and the processing process of the waterborne polyurethane colored coating were studied. The results show that， the prepared waterborne polyurethane imitation-leather colored coating is dryness-resistant（Grade 3-4） and has good color fastness to wet rubbing（Grade 3）， and coating surface is soft and smooth under the following optimized conditions： coating formula：massfraction 97%， waterborne polyurethane PUE-1401， 1% coloring agent， 0.5% antifoaming agent AFCONA 2502， 1% SA sodium alginate; coating processing conditions： curing temperature 150 ℃， curing time 3 min. The above research results can provide theoretical support and technical proposal forenterprises to develop waterborne polyurethane imitation-leather coating products.

Key words：Imitation-leather coating; waterborne polyurethane; physical and mechanical properties; color fastness to rubbing

天然皮革因其良好的耐磨性、透氣性以及独特的手感风格被广泛应用于服装、制鞋、汽车内饰及箱包等领域[1]。随着天然皮革应用的不断拓展，其供应量远远无法满足市场的需求。仿皮面料（人造革、合成革）是一种以纺织品来模拟皮革的网状层，以高分子涂层模拟皮革粒面层的复合材料。仿皮面料通过模拟天然皮革的组织构造和使用性能，极大填补了天然皮革的市场不足，极具市场潜力。近年来，随着中国仿皮加工技术的进步及产业的蓬勃发展，纺织品仿皮面料的性能、档次及生产能力均大幅提升，其中高档仿皮面料已大量取代资源有限的天然皮革[2]。……