甜荞新品种HQ10-95-5-3选育报告
2020-04-01封贵琴李清川谯显明黄亚铃
封贵琴 李清川 谯显明 黄亚铃
摘要:甜荞新品系HQ10-95-5-3是从白花甜荞品种北海道和平荞5号生产大田中大量选择优良自然变异单株,经多年系谱选择选育而成。2015 — 2016年在甘肃省中东部地区甜荞多点区域试验中,2 a 10点(次)均表现增产,平均折合产量1 818.0 kg/hm2,较对照品种北海道增产9.0%。该品系株高75~80 cm,主茎分枝5.6个,单株粒重3.46 g,千粒重32.01 g。生育期80 d。株型紧凑,生长整齐。抗旱、耐瘠、抗病、抗倒伏性强,落粒轻、中早熟。适宜在甘肃省中东部的定西、白银、平凉、庆阳等地及陕北、宁南同类地区种植。
关键词:甜荞;新品系;HQ10-95-5-3;选育
中图分类号:S517 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2020)02-0062-03
Abstract:Hq10-95-5-3 is a new line of sweet buckwheat, was selected from a large number of single plants with excellent natural variations which white flower sweet buckwheat cultivar Hokkaido with Pingqiao 5 in the production field, and bred by many years of pedigree selection. In 2015 — 2016, the average yield in 2 a 10 sites (times) was 1 818.0 kg/hm2 and 9.0% higher than that of the check Hokkaido in Multi-point Buckwheat Regional Trial in Middle East of Gansu Province. The plant height of the strain is 75~80 cm, the main stem branches are 5.6, the grain weight of a single plant is 3.46 g, the 1000-grain weight is 32.01 g. The growth period is 80 days. The plant type is compact and grows neatly. It is resistance drought, barren resistance, disease resistance, strong lodging resistance, light grain, medium early maturity. It is suitable to be grown in the region of Dingxi, Baiyin, Pingliang, Qingyang and other places in the Middle East of Gansu Province, and other similar areas in Northern Shaanxi and Southern Ningxia.
Key words:Buckwheat;New line;HQ10-95-5-3;Breeding
蕎麦(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)属蓼科荞麦属双子叶植物, 生产上栽培的有甜荞和苦荞两种。荞麦具有生育期短、适应性强、耐冷凉耐瘠薄、食疗同源、营养丰富等特点, 是理想的填闲补种及救灾作物, 主要在甘肃、内蒙古、山西、陕西、宁夏、四川、云南、贵州等地种植[1 - 4 ]。荞麦具有极高的营养价值和药用价值, 其籽粒、茎叶含有丰富的生物类黄酮芦丁、槲皮素等, 具有扩张冠状血管、降低血管脆性, 止咳平喘祛痰等作用。甜荞是荞麦属的栽培种,又名乔子、乌麦、花麦、三角麦[5 ]。我国是甜荞生产大国,面积和产量均居世界第2位,目前全国20个省区甜荞种植面积约54.6万hm2,总产约30万t[6 ]。随着荞麦科学研究及新产品开发工作的深入,以及人们保健意识的增强和膳食结构的改善,甜荞的营养价值和药用价值越来越受到人们的重视和青睐,将成为21世纪最受欢迎的食物之一[7 ],具有广阔的开发前景。……
