罗爱花 陆立银 胡新元 谢奎忠 柳永强 孙小花x

摘要：以陇薯3号为指示品种，在甘肃马铃薯主产区定西高寒阴湿区试验观察了不同种植方式对马铃薯农艺性状以及经济效益的影响。结果表明，田间种植方式在不同生育期对马铃薯形态建成的影响不同。小垄种植方式下覆膜对不同生育时期株高、茎粗影响显著，但对叶片SPAD值影响不明显。无论采取大垄覆膜双行还是小垄覆膜单行，均能实现马铃薯增产增收。小垄覆膜单行种植块茎折合产量最高，较对照露地平作种植增产27.74%;大垄覆膜双行种植次之，块茎折合产量较对照露地平作种植增产23.64%;小垄液体地膜单行种植居第3，较对照露地平作种植增产11.49%。大垄覆膜双行种植、小垄覆膜单行种植、小垄液体地膜单行种植分别较对照露地平作种植增收5 470.5、6 352.5、1 291.5元/hm2。综合分析，小垄覆膜单行种植方式更适宜在高寒阴湿旱作区乃至同类型地区小型农业合作社或者家庭种植户马铃薯轻简化生产中应用。

关键词：马铃薯;种植方式;产量;经济效益，高寒阴湿旱作区

中图分类号：S532        文献标志码：A         文章编号：1001-1463（2020）02-0073-05

Abstract：The industrialization of characteristic agriculture is the main content and development trend of modern agriculture. It is also an important measure of poverty alleviation development，benefiting farmers and the implementation of the strategy of Rural Revitalization in rural areas in the new era. Based on the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of the development of characteristic agriculture industrialization in Gansu Province， some countermeasures are put forward， such as strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure and consolidate the foundation of agricultural development， perfecting the organizational system of agricultural industry and give birth to internal development momentum， building a modern agricultural industry technology system and promote the transformation and application of achievements， improving the system of land transfer and financial investment and insurance services to meet the needs of agricultural operations， improving the quality standards and supervision system to create a strong brand advantage.

Key words：Gansu;Characteristic agriculture;Industrialization;Industry distribution;Countermeasure

馬铃薯是甘肃省第三大栽培作物[1 - 2 ]，也是甘肃省重点发展的优势特色作物之一。2015年1月国家农业部正式启动马铃薯主粮化战略后[3 - 7 ]，甘肃省积极发展马铃薯产业，马铃薯的种植面积迅速增加，目前已成为甘肃省主导特色产业和农民增收、农业增产的一大经济支柱，全省常年播种面积67万hm2以上，主要集中在中部半干旱区，总产量1 200万t左右[8 ]。……