冬小麦新品种静麦5号选育报告
2020-04-01任喜宏
摘要:冬小麦新品种静麦5号是以D5003-1为母本、RAH116为父本杂交,然后以F1为母本,以D282为父本杂交经多年系统选育而成。株高80~90 cm,穗长7.3~8.4 cm,穗粒数43~48粒,千粒重42~46 g,容重806.0 g/L,籽粒含粗蛋白134.0 g/kg(干基)、湿面筋247.0 g/kg(14%水分基)、赖氨酸4.9 g/kg(干基),沉降值50 mL(14%水分基)。具有抗寒、抗旱性强,稳产性好,抗条锈病突出的特点。2012 — 2014年参加甘肃省陇中片旱地组区域试验,平均折合产量4 734.3 kg/hm2,较对照品种陇中1号增产9.93%。适宜甘肃省静宁县、庄浪县、通渭县、渭源县、陇西县、安定区以及宁夏西吉县、隆德县、原州区等类似生态区种植。
关键词:冬小麦;新品种;静麦5号;选育
中图分类号:S512.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2020)02-0005-03
Abstract:Jingmai 5 is a new winter wheat cultivar, was bred with D5003-1 as female parent and RAH116 as male parent, and then F1 as female, D282 as male parent after years of systematic breeding. The plant heigth is 80~90 cm, ear length is 7.3~8.4 cm, grain number per panicle is 43~48, 1 000-grain weight is 42~46 g, bulk density is 806.0 g/L. The seed crude protein content is 134.0 g/kg, wet gluten content is 247.0 g/kg, lysine content is 4.9 g/kg, the settlement value is 50 mL(14% moisture base). In 2012 — 2014, the average yield of Jingmai 5 was 4 734.3 kg/hm2, which was 9.93% higher than the check Longzhong 1 in Regional Test of Winter Wheat in Central Gansu. It has strong resistance to cold and drought, good stable yield and outstanding resistance to stripe rust. It is suitable to be grown in Jingning, Zhuanglang, Tongwei, Weiyuan, Longxi, Anding district of Gansu province and Xiji, Longde, Yuanzhou District of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and other similar ecological condition.
Key words:Winter wheat;New cultivar;Jingmai 5;Breeding
冬小麥是静宁县的主要粮食作物,常年播种面积3.1万hm2,90%分布在干旱半旱区[1 - 3 ]。静宁县属于黄土高原干旱沟壑生态区,生态类型复杂,寒、旱、病等自然灾害频繁,冬小麦产量低而不稳,且品质差。生产上缺少高产、抗病、优质、抗倒伏且适宜膜侧和全膜覆土穴播栽培的品种。静宁县种子管理站自2 000年开始,开展了优质专用、适应性广、抗性强的冬小麦新品种选育工作,经过多年努力,选育出了冬小麦新品种静麦5号,并于2016年通过甘肃省品种审定委员会审定(甘审麦2016013)。
1 亲本来源及选育经过
2000年静宁县种子管理站从临洮农业学校引进大穗、丰产性好的冬小麦品系D5003-1为母本,从天水农业学校引进抗寒、抗病性强的小黑麦RAH116为父本杂交;2001年以(D5003-1×RAH116)F1代为母本,以从临洮农业学校引进的大穗、丰产普通小麦D282为父本杂交。2002 — 2007年通过集团混合选择、异地穿梭选育、水旱交替选择等技术手段,对各株系产量、抗逆性(抗病性、抗旱、抗寒、抗倒伏)及相关生育期和农艺性状进行观察鉴定,从中选择综合性状优良的03-1-8-8-2(编号静冬0318)等10个稳定株系。……
