韦权权 杨文庭

摘      要：对于小直径高耸塔器在计算过程中由于风载荷、地震载荷造成的弯矩使塔顶产生非常大的挠度，此时如果按照常规的计算方法来设计，设备壁厚将会变得非常厚。考虑到此类高耸塔器一般放置在装置框架中，通过设置一个或多个导向支架，会使设备的风载荷、地震载荷通过导向支架传递到结构框架上，使结构框架承担其全部的风载荷和地震载荷， 能大大地降低设备的弯矩和挠度。计算总结了一种考虑导向支架作用的小直径高耸塔器的设计方法，即充分考虑导向的支撑作用，计算的复杂度又相对不高;依据塔器的设计原理，结合SW6软件、ANSYS软件，快速、合理地完成小直径高耸塔器的计算。

关  键  词：高耸塔器;挠度;控制

中图分类号：TQ053.5       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）02-0501-04

Abstract： In the calculation process of a high-rise tower with small diameter， the bending moment caused by wind load and seismic load always causes a very large deflection on the top of the tower. If the tower is designed according to the conventional calculation method， the wall thickness of the equipment will become very thick. Considering that the high-rise tower is generally placed in the unit frame， the bending moment and deflection of the equipment can be greatly reduced by setting one or more guide supports which can transmit the wind load and seismic load of the equipment to the structural frame through the guide bracket， so that the structural frame bears all its wind load and seismic load. In this paper， a design method of small diameter high-rise tower considering the action of guide supports was described. The design method considers fully the supporting function of guide bracket; the calculation complexity is relatively low. Based on the design principle of tower， combined with SW6， ANSYS software， the calculation of this kind of equipment can be solved quickly and reasonably.

Key words： high-rise tower;  deflection;  control

在化工裝置中，有许多放置在框架结构之中的直径较小，高度非常高的高耸塔器。由于塔身细长，所以设备的风、地震载荷产生的弯矩和挠度都较大。

塔器顶部挠度过大对塔器主要有以下几方面的影响：

（1）对于板式塔器而言，塔顶晃动会影响塔器内塔板工艺操作的平衡。如果挠度过大，会使塔盘倾斜，造成气液传质的不均匀，进而导致塔板效率的下降，影响最终产品的质量。

（2）会容易使接管连接出现泄漏。与塔体连接的接管因塔顶的晃动过大，连接处受到拉、压、弯、扭的综合作用，易出现泄漏，对装有易燃、易爆及有毒介质的塔器是非常危险的。

（3）会使塔体的附加弯矩增大。……