郑满生 姜仁珍

摘要：为了准确掌握区域农村生态环境发展水平，了解区域内农村生态环境发展现状和发展特征，本研究以山东省为例，从农业生产环境、农村生活环境、农村环境治理三个方面选取了14个评价指标，利用综合指数法对山东省16个市的农村生态环境发展水平进行测评。结果表明，山东省农村生态环境综合指数和农业生产环境指数整体较高，各市间发展水平比较均衡;农村生活环境指数和农村环境治理指数相对较低，各市间发展水平差距相对较大;农村生态环境发展水平与各市所处的地理位置和经济发展水平并无必然联系。最后，依据农村生态环境综合指数，将山东省各地生态环境发展水平划分为样板区、良好区、一般区和提升区4个等级，根据各个等级区域内每个市的发展特点提出相应的发展对策。

关键词：农村生态环境;质量评价;综合指数法;农业生产环境;农村生活环境;农村环境治理

中图分类号：F224;X821文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-4440（2020）06-1583-06

Abstract：In order to accurately grasp the development level of regional rural eco-environment and understand the current situation and development characteristics， Shandong province was taken as an example， 14 evaluation indicators were selected from three aspects of agricultural production environment， rural living environment and rural environmental governance， and the rural eco-environment development level of 16 cities in Shandong province was evaluated by using the comprehensive index method. The results showed that the rural eco-environment comprehensive index and agricultural production environment index in Shandong province were relatively high， and the development level among cities was relatively balanced. The rural living environment index and rural environmental governance index were relatively low， and the development level disparity among cities was relatively large. The development level of rural eco-environment was not necessarily related to the geographical location and economic development level of each city. Finally， according to the comprehensive index of rural eco-environment， the development level of eco-environment in Shandong province was divided into four levels： model area， good area， general area and promotion area， and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward.

Key words：rural eco-environment;quality evaluation;comprehensive index method;agricultural production environment;rural living environment;rural environmental governance

農村生态环境建设是中国生态文明建设体系的重要组成部分，也是乡村振兴的重要内容。党的十九大明确要求：推进绿色发展，着力解决大气、水、土壤等污染防治突出环境问题，加大生态环境系统保护力度[1]。《乡村振兴战略规划（2018-2022年）》[2]以牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，对加快转变生产生活方式，推动乡村生态振兴，推进农业绿色发展，持续改善农村人居环境，加强乡村生态保护与修复等问题进行详细阐述并提出明确要求。……