张丹　王丽　韩梅

[摘要] 目前肾脏疾病的准确诊断最终仍需要肾穿刺活检技术。代谢组学可以定性和定量分析生物机体包括系统、器官或细胞在受到外界因素影响下引起的内源性代谢产物的变化;肾脏疾病的发生发展会受到生物体内外多种因素的影响，与机体代谢异常密切相关，表现为各类代谢产物的变化。近年来，代谢组学为肾脏疾病的研究做出了很多贡献，本文就代谢组学在肾脏疾病中的研究进展作以综述，希望为肾脏病发生发展及诊断提供新的研究思路和方向。

[关键词] 代谢组学;慢性肾脏病;急性肾损伤;糖尿病肾病

[中图分类号] R692          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）30-0189-04

Research progress of metabolomics in kidney disease

ZHANG Dan1   WANG Li2   HAN Mei1

1.Department of Nephrology， Dalian Children's Hospital， Dalian   116012， China; 2.School of Pharmacy， Dalian Medical University， Dalian   116012， China

[Abstract] At present， accurate diagnosis of kidney disease still needs renal biopsy technology. Metabolomics can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze changes in endogenous metabolites of biological organisms including systems， organs or cells under the influence of external factors. The occurrence and development of kidney diseases will be affected by various factors in and outside the organism， and is closely related with the body metabolic abnormalities， manifested as changes in various metabolites. In recent years， metabolomics has made a lot of contributions to the research of kidney disease. This article reviews the research progress of metabolomics in kidney disease， hoping to provide new research ideas and directions for the development and diagnosis of kidney disease.

[Key words] Metabolomics; Chronic kidney disease; Acute kidney injury; Diabetic nephropathy

代谢组学是近年来一门兴起的学科，它是继蛋白质组学和基因组学之后新近发展起来的，也是近年来研究较热门的领域之一。Nicholson[1]于20世纪90年代首先提出了代谢组学的相关概念，使用了metabonomics一词。目前代谢组学被大家普遍认可的定义为定量和定性研究测量细胞、组织、器官或者整个生命有机体全部代谢物的组成，通常为小分子代谢物质（相对分子质量在1000以下）及这些代谢产物在内外因素刺激下动态变化的科学[2]。代谢产物因其作为生物机体各种病理生理过程的最终产物，为深入了解机体各种生理病理现象及疾病发病机制提供了许多有用的线索[3]。代谢组学技术的出现和发展不仅是对基因组学、转录组学及蛋白组学的重要补充，更为从系统生物学下游-代谢组方向开展研究提供了新思路。……