体育锻炼对青少年攻击性的影响
2019-10-24张晓强邱芬
张晓强 邱芬



摘 要:为探讨体育锻炼、应对方式、心理弹性和青少年攻击性的关系,采用体育锻炼等级量表、中学生应对方式量表、青少年心理弹性量表和攻击性量表对450名中学生进行调查,结果发现:(1)体育锻炼与应对方式和心理弹性均存在显著的两两正相关,而都与攻击性显著负相关;(2)体育锻炼既可以直接影响攻击性,也可以通过应对方式和心理弹性的中介作用对攻击性产生间接影响,包括通过应对方式的中介路径、心理弹性的中介路径和通过应对方式和心理弹性的链式中介路径。构建中介效应模型在一定程度上揭示了青少年体育锻炼影响攻击性的作用机制,对于青少年攻击性防治工作具有一定的参考价值。
关键词:青少年;攻击性;体育锻炼;应对方式;心理弹性
中图分类号:G804
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1008-2808(2019)05-0085-07
Abstract:To investigate the relationship between physical exercise, coping style, psychological resilience and adolescent aggression, 450 middle school students were surveyed using the Physical Exercise Rating Scale, the Middle School Coping Style Scale, the Adolescent Mental Resilience Scale and the Aggressive ScaleThe results show that (1) Physical exercise has a significant positive correlation with coping style and psychological resilience, and both are significantly negatively correlated with aggression; (2) physical exercise can directly affect aggression, but also through coping style and psychological resilience The intermediary role has an indirect impact on aggression, including three intermediary paths, namely, the intermediate path through coping style, the intermediate path of psychological flexibility, and the chained intermediate path through coping style and psychological flexibility By constructing the mediation effect mode, it to some extent reveals the mechanism of adolescent physical exercise affecting aggression, and has certain reference value for adolescent aggressive prevention and control work
Key words:Adolescent; Aggressive; Physical exercise;Coping style; Psychological resilience
国家统计局发布的数据显示,2016年我国青少年刑事犯罪人数为204 657人,占刑事犯罪总人数的168%,其中不满18岁的未成年人刑事犯罪人数达35 743人。虽然近些年青少年刑事犯罪人数以及不满18岁的未成年人刑事犯罪人数均有所下降,但是由“校园暴力”“校园攻击性行为”升级引发的刑事犯罪在整个青少年刑事犯罪中仍占有较大的比重,且有向低龄化发展的趋势[1-2]。
攻击性行为是指任何有意伤害他人(包括身体伤害和心理伤害)的行为或倾向[3]。社会认知理论认为,攻击性行为的产生是个体对社会信息进行一系列内部加工后的反映,强调个体原有的知识经验对攻击行为的影响[4]。……
