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光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪技术研究

2019-10-21温利民

河南科技 2019年29期

温利民

摘 要:当今世界,能源短缺与环境污染已成为人类社会可持续发展的阻碍,大力发展绿色再生能源成为发展的趋势,光伏发电以其独特的优势,成为未来最具潜能的替代能源。最大功率点跟踪是光伏发电系统的关键技术,此技术可最大限度提升光伏发电效率。为此,本文在全面了解光伏发电重要性的基础上,结合最大功率点跟踪控制工作原理,对当前常用的光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪算法进行阐述,并提出了改进优化方法,以期更好地保证光伏发电系统运行稳定。

关键词:光伏发电系统;最大功率点跟踪;恒定电压法

中图分类号:TM615 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2019)29-0138-03

Research on Maximum Power Point Tracking

Technology of Photovoltaic Power System

WEN Limin

(Henan Engineering Co., Ltd. of POWERCHINA,Zhengzhou Henan 450001)

Abstract: Nowadays, energy shortage and environmental pollution in the world have become obstacles to the sustainable development of human society, and the development of green renewable energy has become the development trend. Photovoltaic power generation, with its unique advantages, has become the most potential alternative energy in the future. Maximum power point tracking is the key technology of photovoltaic power generation system. The application of this technology can maximize the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, based on a comprehensive understanding of the importance of photovoltaic power generation, combined with the principle of maximum power point tracking control, this paper expounded the current common maximum power point tracking algorithm of photovoltaic power generation system, and proposed an improved optimization method, in order to better ensure the operation stability of photovoltaic power generation system.

Keywords: photovoltaic power generation system;maximum power point tracking;constant voltage method

工业革命以后,煤炭、石油、天然氣等资源大规模地涌入人们的视野。能源结构的调整与改变将对世界经济发展做出积极的贡献。但与此同时,人类长期不规范的开采活动,促使传统能源环境问题愈演愈烈,如何在能源问题上谋求新的出路,如何合理开发和利用可持续新型环保性能源成为当前亟待解决的难题。太阳能作为一种可再生能源,资源极为丰富,光伏发电是一种直接将太阳能转化为电能的新型技术,相比火力发电等方式,光伏发电优点较多,如清洁、安全、经济等[1,2]。预计2020年,在世界总能源需求量中,光伏发电量将占据1%,到了21世纪晚期,占比将达到50%。

1 光伏发电的重要性

据不完全统计,基于太阳能资源的丰富性,我国太阳能年辐照总量在502万kJ/m2,在国土面积中,年日照时数在2 200h以上的地区就超过75%,具体如表1所示。……

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