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中低技术产业技术研发策略性行为研究

2019-10-21卢美华屈宇超肖莉娜孙巍

河南科技 2019年29期

卢美华 屈宇超 肖莉娜 孙巍

摘 要:本文通过构建不同技术层次的产业和企业参与研发竞争的博弈模型,构建不完全信息下策略模型,利用逆向归纳法进行模型求解;通过比较企业模仿、自主创新的收益状况,依据复制动态方程式,分析中低技术企业模仿创新的稳定状态,得到中低技术企业的研发特征在于模仿高技术企业的技术,承接高技术企业的技术溢出,最后对陶瓷行业进行案例实证分析。

关键词:中低技术产业;技术竞争;博弈策略

中图分类号:F224;F273.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2019)29-0088-03

Research on Strategic Behavior of Technology Development

in Medium and Low Technology Industry

LU Meihua1 QU Yuchao2 XIAO Lina1 SUN Wei3

(1.School of Science, Jiangxi University of Technology,Nanchang Jiangxi 330022;2. School of Economics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013;3. Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School,Shenzhen Guangdong 518055)

Abstract: This paper constructed a game model of incomplete information by constructing a game model of industry and enterprises with different technical levels to participate in R&D competition, and used the inverse induction method to solve the model. By comparing the income situation of enterprise imitation and independent innovation, according to the replication dynamic equation, the paper analyzed the stable state of imitative innovation in low- and medium-tech enterprises, and found that the research and development characteristics of low- and medium-tech enterprises were to imitate the technology of high-tech enterprises and to undertake the technology spillover of high-tech enterprises. Finally, this paper conducted empirical analysis of the case of the ceramic industry.

Keywords: medium and low technology industry;technology competition;game strategy

产业组织理论以中博弈形式的技术竞争受到深入的研究[1],也充分揭示了技术博弈形式多样性,即使限制在知识产权领域,企业的博弈行为也非常丰富。实际上,这些抽象化技术博弈模型虽然距离现实情况较远,却能揭示现实博弈竞争形态本质特征和性质[2,3]。当然,在具体的产业生态链中,参与技术竞爭的企业采用的博弈策略大相径庭[4,5]。但即使在大相径庭的博弈策略中,人们也能区分出企业的引领和跟从性的产业竞争关系[6,7]。

中低技术产业是近期提出的一个具有实践映照的概念。在《奥斯陆手册》中,以研发投入为基础,OECD国家首先把企业按照技术层次和水平划分为四大类,即高技术、中高技术、中低技术、低技术。中低和低技术产业处于产业链的底部,不具有竞争优势。另外,中低技术企业并不是单单代表自身的技术水平,通过企业集群,中低技术企业还代表了区域竞争力。……

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