散热器进出口布置对流阻影响的仿真分析
2019-10-21段德昊熊飞朱林培邓达泰
段德昊 熊飞 朱林培 邓达泰


摘 要:文章采用STAR-CCM+通用流体仿真程序,基于Realizable k-e湍流模型,完成了某纯电动车双侧散热器在不同流量下流阻特性仿真分析,并通过相应的水阻试验结果验证了仿真方法的可靠性。然后结合实际工况,以冷却液为流动介质,分别完成了散热器双侧与单侧设计在8L/min和10L/min两种流量下的流阻特性分析。结果表明:在相同工况下,双侧进出口设计流阻特性更优,略小10%左右;此外,双侧水室内壁面最大压应力也略小45%;且在一定范围内流量越大,两者差值越大。
关键词:汽车散热器;STAR-CCM+;流阻;仿真
中图分类号:U464.138+.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1671-7988(2019)12-113-03
Abstract: Numerical analysis on hydraulic resistance of a bilateral radiator in a battery electric vehicle was conducted with the general fluid simulation code STAR-CCM+ based on the Realizable k-e turbulence model. A good agreement between simulation results and experimental data with water media shows the effectiveness of the simulation method for hydraulic resistance of radiator. And then considering the real working condition and coolant, simulation on hydraulic resistance of bilateral radiator and unilateral radiator was carried out with coolant in flow rate of 8L/min and 10L/min respectively. Final results show that bilateral radiator has better performance with about 10% less hydraulic resistance and 45% less maximum wall pressure than unilateral radiator. Moreover, the difference becomes bigger along with the increasing flow rate within certain range.
Keywords: Radiator; STAR-CCM+; Hydraulic resistance; Numerical analysis
CLC NO.: U464.138+.2 Document Code: A Article ID: 1671-7988(2019)12-113-03
前言
散热器是纯电动汽车电驱冷却系统不可缺少的重要部件,它通过循环冷却液与外界空气对流进行热交换,保证系统在任何工况都能维持在合适温度工作。散热器流阻越大,消耗电机有效功率越大,故降低散热器工作压力,使电驱系统发挥最大效率,对散热器设计至关重要[1]。
1 流体仿真的控制方程
计算流体动力学(CFD)仿真分析是基于流体力学连续性方程、动量方程及能量方程三大守恒控制方程,并选择合适的湍流近似模型,进行数值离散迭代求解,获得相关复杂流动近似结果的分析方法,目前是解决复杂工程流动问题的高效手段。本散热器冷却液流动可近似为低速不可压定常流动,由以下控制方程组进行描述[2]。
1.1 连续性方程
2.2 仿真模型
散热器网格采用混合网格划分,两侧水室为多面体网格,中间扁管为三棱柱拉伸网格。……
