赵敏，李杰，田蜀东

摘 要：当前，热泵空调因其能效比高、耗电量低、结构紧凑的优点，成为未来纯电动汽车和双模车汽车空调的主要研究方向和发展趋势。由于热泵空调工况恶劣，冬天为使车内快速升温，需要在短时间内使压缩机提升至较高转速，这往往会引发车内噪声，使得乘员产生抱怨。解决热泵空调带来的NVH性能问题显得尤为迫切。文章以搭载热泵空调系统的某款EV车型为例，基于Simcenter Test.Lab软件和西门子数采前端进行摸底测试分析，确定了高压管振动和压缩机转速策略不合理为造成车内噪声大的主要影响因素，随后进行了高压管加装配重块和控制压缩机转速方案的相关优化验证。在保证热泵制热性能的前提下，车内噪声得到了明显的下降。

关键词：热泵空调;NVH性能;高压管振动;压缩机转速策略;优化验证

中图分类号：TH212;TH213.3  文献标识码：A  文章编号：1671-7988（2019）23-117-05

Noise diagnosis and optimization study of heat pump air-conditionings heating mode

Zhao Min， Li Jie， Tian Shudong

（ BYD Automobile IndustryLimited Company.， Product Planning &New Technology Research Institude.，

Guang dong Shenzhen 518118 ）

Abstract： Currently， because of its higher energy efficiency ratio， lower power consumption， compact structure， heat pump air-conditioning gradually becomes main research fields and development tendency for air-conditioning of battery electric vehicle and dual-mode vehicle. The heat pump air-conditioning often works in bad environment， especially in cold winter. In order to heighten the inside temperature of the vehicle， compressor rotational speed need to grow higher in short time， which will result in unbearable noise for passengers. Thus， it seem to be urgent to solve the NVH problem followed with the heat pump air-conditioning. In the paper， firstly we carry out thorough NVH test for a battery electric vehicle based on Siemens data acquisition frontend and the relevant software Simcenter Test.Lab， and then come to a conclusion that high pressure pipes vibration and unreasonable rotational speed of compressor are the two main influencing factors. Secondly， we formulate two schemes according to the analytical reasons and verify the relevant NVH performance. Ultimately， we find that the two schemes， i.e.， adding weights for high pressure pipe， controlling compressor rotational speed according to gear of air blower， can also be effective. Under the premise of heating performance inside of vehicle， inside noise of vehicle dramatically declines by use of the two schemes.

Keywords： Heat pump air-conditioning; NVH performance; Vibration of high pressure pipe; Speed strategy of compressor; Optimization and verification

CLC NO.： TH212; TH213.3  Document Code： A  Article ID： 1671-7988（2019）23-117-05

1 引言

隨着我国汽车行业的发展，乘车舒适性逐渐成为顾客重点关注的方面之一。而汽车的NVH性能（Noise噪声，Vibra -tion振动，Harshness声振粗糙度）对乘车舒适性至关重要。空调系统作为整车NVH性能评估过程中重要的一个组成部分，越来越引起工程技术人员的重视。尤其是纯电动汽车的研发，没有了最大源头发动机振动噪声的干扰和掩蔽，空调系统的NVH性能问题凸显严重。

当前，传统燃油车及双模车型冬季采暖使用发动机余热或PTC辅助加热进行。而纯电动车由于没有了发动机的存在，这给冬季车内空调采暖带来了新的挑战。……