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基于路阻模型的公交专用道的优化设置

2019-10-21史远,安帅,富迪

汽车实用技术 2019年23期

史远,安帅,富迪

摘 要:随着国民经济水平逐渐提高,私家车的拥有量迅速增长。但是由于城市道路设施的发展进程慢于私家车辆增加的速度,道路资源显然不足,交通供给无法满足日益增长的交通需求,导致交通拥堵现象时常发生。优先发展公共交通是解决问题的重要方法之一,各城市纷纷开展了公交专用道的设置,以改善公交车的出行环境。文章主要研究了设置并优化公交专用道对交通运行情况的影响。文章运用了车速-饱和度模型,定量分析了不同饱和度的路段设置公交专用道前后的社会车辆和公交车辆的车速比值,并进一步确定设置公交专用道的路段。

关键词:公交专用道;优化设置;交通运行情况;路阻函数模型

中图分类号:D035.37  文献标识码:A  文章编号:1671-7988(2019)23-84-03

Optimization setting of bus lanes based on road resistance model

Shi Yua, An Shuai, Fu Di

( Chang'an University, College of Automotive, Shaanxi Xi'an 710064 )

Abstract: With the gradual improvement of the national economy, the ownership of private cars has grown rapidly. However, as the development of urban road facilities is slower than the increase of private vehicles, road resources are obviously insufficient, and transportation supply cannot meet the increasing traffic demand, resulting in traffic congestion. Giving priority to the development of public transportation is one of the important ways to solve the problem. Various cities have set up bus lanes to improve the travel environment of buses. This paper mainly studies the impact of setting and optimizing bus lanes on traffic conditions. In this paper, the vehicle speed-saturation model is used to quantitatively analyze the ratio of the speed of social vehicles and buses before and after the bus lanes in different saturation sections, and further determine the section of the bus lane.

Keywords: Bus lane; Optimization setting; Traffic operation; Road resistance function model

CLC NO.: D035.37  Document Code: A  Article ID: 1671-7988(2019)23-84-03

前言

近幾年来,随着城市的快速发展,城市化水平不断提高,大量问题随之而来,交通拥堵逐渐成为困扰广大出行者的问题之一,我国学者在研究了国外交通设施的这一基础上,提出了设置并优化公交专用道的方法,这一方法被视为解决我国现有交通状况的有效途径之一,既能缓解交通拥堵,又能优化公交车的出行环境。

目前,国内外学者通过对公交专用道的研究,得出了大量的影响分析评价模型。Shalaby[1]等人利用TRANSYT7F软件模拟和评估了公交车道及其 相关辅助设施的收益,并且更准确地模拟出了公交专用车道的车辆速度和车辆延迟。D.Jeason[2]进行了一项关于公交车道对交通状况影响的研究,公交专用道前后车辆在路段上、交叉路口的延误和行人延误的差值,在不同的交通条件和交通流量下,获得最佳公交比例和最佳客流量。……

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