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不同生长阶段盐地碱蓬矿物质元素和重金属含量分析

2019-08-03徐晶武瑞亮戴日慧沈晓艳逢伟娜

山东农业科学 2019年3期

徐晶 武瑞亮 戴日慧 沈晓艳 逢伟娜

摘要:采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定了盐地碱蓬生长期、开花期、结果期的矿物质元素和重金属含量,并进行了比较分析。结果表明:盐地碱蓬含有丰富的矿物质元素Na(13 203-49 166 mg/kg)、Mg(12792 -20242 mg/kg)、Ca(5133~6913 mg/kg)、K(1578~3368 mg/kg)、Fe(412~937 mg/kg)及一定量的重金属元素As(0.16-0.27 mg/kg)、C(l(0.21-0.49 mg/kg)、Pb(0.69~1.70 mg/kg)、Hg(0.012~0.026 mg/kg),其中Zn、K、Na含量在生长期最高,Mg含量在开花期最高,Fe、Mn、Cu、Ca、Se含量在结果期最高,结果期的盐地碱蓬对As、Cd、Hg的富集能力较强,并且各种矿物质元素和重金属在不同生长阶段含量高低次序基本一致。本研究为进一步探讨盐地碱蓬的药理作用和合理开发利用该植物资源提供一定的科学依据。

关键词:盐地碱蓬;矿物质元素;重金属;电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP - MS);含量

Analysis of Contents of Mineral Elements and HeavyMetals in Suaeda salsa at Different Growth Phase Xu Jingl'2 , Wu Ruiliangl , Dai Yuehujl , Shen Xiaoyanl , Pang Weina

Abstract The content of mineral elements and heavy metals in Suaeda salsa in different growth phase(growing stage, flowering stage, and fruiting stage) were determined by ICP - MS and were compared. Theresults showed that Suiaeda salsa contained high contents of mineral elements, such as Na ( 13203一49166mg/kg) , Mg (12792~20242 mg/kg) , Ca (5133~6913 mg/kg) , K (1578~3368 mg/kg) and Fe (412~937 mg/kg) , as well as a certain amount of heavy metals such as As (0.16~0. 27 mg/kg) , Cd (0.21~0.49 mg/kg) , Pb (0.69~ 1.70 mg/kg) and Hg (0.012~0.026 mg/kg) . The contents of Zn, K and Na inSuaeda salsa at growing stage were the highest, the Mg was rich at flowering stage and the Fe, Mn, Cu, Caand Se was rich at fruiting stage. As.Cd and Hg were enriched by Suaeda salsa at fruiting stage , and the orderof contents of mineral elements and heavy metals in different growth phases were basically the same. The re-sults would provide foundation for further exploitation and use of Suaeda salsa.

Keywords Suaeda salsa; Mineral element; Heavy metal; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrome-try ( ICP-MS) ; Content

鹽地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa),又名赤碱蓬、黄须菜,为藜科碱蓬属植物。一般生于海滨、荒漠低处的盐碱荒地上,是一种典型的盐碱地指示植物[1],具有较强的抗盐和耐盐能力,对于海岸带生态系统的稳定性和演替起着重要作用。盐地碱蓬资源丰富,取材容易,味道鲜美,目前人们常把它作为一种野生蔬菜食用。2013年1月4日盐地碱蓬籽油被中国卫生部批准为中国新资源食品。盐地碱蓬5月下旬即可采摘上市,延续到8月中下旬,能采摘5~6次,采摘嫩芽长度一般不超过10cm,以确保其鲜嫩可口。8月中下旬大量开花,碱蓬由下往上分期成熟,成熟的种子呈黑色或棕色,易脱落,一般在10月下旬至11月上旬收获[2,3]。试验分析发现,碱蓬含有丰富的脂肪和蛋白质,其嫩茎叶中蛋白质含量占干物质的40%,与大豆相当。……

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