吕冬伟　刘欢　田鹏华　徐榕雪

摘要：将定量孔石莼藻体添加到模拟养殖废水中，研究孔石莼在不同营养盐浓度梯度下，对水体中氮、磷营养盐的吸收情况。结果表明，孔石莼对浓度越高的氮磷营养盐吸收率越快，但去除率越低;对铵态氮和磷酸盐的吸收效果明显，对硝态氮有所吸收，而对亚硝态氮的吸收不明显;对铵态氮吸收曲线分3个阶段分析后发现，其第一阶段符合一级动力学方程，第二阶段的吸收符合线性方程。这说明孔石莼在不同浓度营养盐养殖废水中均具有很好的水体净化作用，对防治水体富营养化有较好的应用前景。

关键词：孔石莼;养殖废水;铵态氮;硝态氮;亚硝态氮;磷酸盐;氮磷吸收比值

Study on Absorption of Different Forms of Nitrogen andPhosphate by Macroalgae Ulva pertusa in SeawaterLu Dongwei， Liu Huan， Tian Penghua， Xu Rongxue

Abstract The nitrogen and phosphate absorption of Ulva pertusa cultivated in the simulated piscatorialwastewater with different nutrient concentrations were studied in this paper. The experiment results showed thatthe higher the nitrogen and phosphate concentrations were ， the higher the uptake rates and the lower removalrates of Ulva pertu.sa were. The absorption effect of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate were obvious， and part ofnitrates nitrogen was absorbed， but the absorption of nitrite was not obvious. After dividing the ammonia nitro-gen absorption curve into three stages， it was found that the first stage curve accords with the first - order ki-netic equation and the second stage curve yielded a linear equation. The results showed that Ulva pertusa hadbetter effect on water purification， and showed better application prospect in preventing the eutrophication ofwater bodies.

Keywords

Ulva pertusa; Piscatorial wastewater; Ammonia nitrogen; Nitrate nitrogen; Nitrite nitrogen;Phosphate; N/P absorption ratio

孔石莼（Ulva pertusa）屬于绿藻门石莼属，广泛分布于西太平洋沿海，藻体鲜艳，味道鲜美，富含多种营养物质，并且生长快、质地薄可食用，还具有生物学和药用价值。近年来，对于孔石莼的开发利用引起了国内外的关注。

随着我国水产养殖规模化增加，高密度、高产量的工厂化循环水养殖逐渐成为未来水产养殖业发展的重要方向[1，2]，如何处理养殖废水渐渐引起人们的注意，如何高效和低成本地净化养殖水体是现代水产养殖工程的重要组成部分。国内外学者一致认为混养大型藻类是吸收、利用营养物质和延缓水质富营养化的有效措施之一[3，4]。国外已经有利用大型海藻吸收水中营养盐净化废水的报道[5]，国内近几年来也有一些利用大型海藻净化体系净化养殖水体、修复生态环境的报道[6-10]。……