施福军　刘晓玲　韦鹏练　符韵林

摘 要：为研究琼楠木材生材的性质，本文采用体积法和质量法测定树皮率，排水法测定木材体积，并对测定得到的数据进行分析。研究结果表明：琼楠的树皮体积百分率、树皮质量百分率平均值分别为6.42%、8.20%，在树高方向上表现为增大趋势。从径向上来看，南向和北向生材密度表现为增大的趋势，但南北向数值差异不大，基本密度的南向和北向都表现为增加的趋势。随着树高的增加，生材密度无明显规律，基本密度呈现减小趋势，生材密度和基本密度平均值分别为1.021、0.619 g/cm3。生材含水率南向跟北向一致，均表现为先减小后增大的趋势。生材含水率随着树高的增加总体上呈现增大的变化趋势，平均值为65.55 %。该研究为琼楠木材加工利用提供了科学的数据支撑。

关键词：琼楠;树皮率;密度;生材含水率

中图分类号：S718.5 文献标识码：A   文章编号：1006-8023（2019）04-0039-04

The Study of Bark Percentage and Wood Density for Beilschmiedia

SHI Fujun1， LIU Xiaoling2， WEI Penglian3， FU Yunlin3*

（1. Nanning Arboretum of Guangxi， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region， Nanning 530031; 2.Guangxi Zhuang Autonmous

Region Forestry Research Institute， Nanning 530002; 3.Forestry College， Guangxi University， Nanning 530004）

Abstract：In order to study the wood property of Beilschmiedia， the volume and the quality method were used to determine the bark percentage， and the drainage method was used to determine the wood volume， then the measured data were analyzed. The results showed that the average bark volume percentage and bark mass percentage were 6.42% and 8.20% respectively， showing an increasing trend in the tree height direction. From pith to sapwood， the green density change of south and north was similar， showing an increasing trend， and the basic density change of south and north also showed an increasing trend. The basic density decreasing direction with increasing height， the average was 0.619 g/cm3. But the green density had no obvious regularity， the average was 1.021 g/cm3. The moisture content of green wood in the south and north was decreasing and then increasing direction from pith to sapwood. The moisture content of green wood in the south and north generally showed an increasing trend with the increase of tree height， with an average value of 65.55%. The study provided scientific data for processing using of Beilschmiedia wood.

Keywords：Beilschmiedia; bark percentage; density; moisture content

0 引言

瓊楠（Beilschmiedia）属乔木，在热带非洲分布最多，我国主要集中在广东、广西和云南等地。琼楠为高大乔木，树皮为深灰色，高度上可达24 m，一般躯干较直，木质较为坚硬厚实，木材构造细腻，可以用来制造家具和农业用具，还可以供桥梁、房屋建造使用[1]。琼楠的种子里含有油脂，可以经过工业提炼之后供制皂及润滑油用。目前有相关的研究表明琼楠树叶中含有的植物挥发油[2]，有望日后应用在食品、医疗、美容和健康等多方面领域上。琼楠新鲜树叶中植物挥发油含有的菇类化合物还可以作为一种香料应用在化妆品和食品工业上。……