梁巧巧 陈玲 蓝晶晶 刘进

[摘要] 目的 观察高血压脑出血患者经微创颅内血肿穿刺引流术后实施心理护理的效果。 方法 选取我院2017年2月～2018年2月收治的200例高血压脑出血患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字法分为两组，每组100例，所有患者均采取经微创颅内血肿穿刺引流术治疗，其中观察组采取心理护理，对照组采取常规护理，然后比较两组患者的希望水平评分、焦虑抑郁评分和满意度。 结果 护理后观察组患者的希望水平评分（41.23±5.01）分明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组患者的抑郁评分（15.28±2.01）分、焦虑评分（16.23±2.11）分明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组患者满意度91.00%（满意90例，一般1例，不满意9例）明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 通过对高血压脑出血患者经微创颅内血肿穿刺引流术后应用心理护理，可以明显提高患者的希望水平和满意度，明显改善患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪。

[关键词] 高血压脑出血;经微创颅内血肿穿刺引流;心理辅导;焦虑;抑郁

[中图分类号] R473.6          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2019）33-0156-04

[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of psychological nursing care after minimally invasive intracranial hematoma puncture drainage in the patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods 200 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who were admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to February 2018 were selected as study subjects. They were divided into two groups according to the random number method， with 100 cases in each group. All patients were given minimally invasive intracranial hematoma puncture drainage. Among them， the observation group was given psychological nursing care， and the control group was given routine nursing care. The hope level score， anxiety and depression score and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The level of hope score（41.23±5.01） in the observation group after nursing care was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）; the depression score （15.28±2.01） and anxiety score （16.23±2.11） in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）; the patient satisfaction in the observation group was 91.00%（90 patients with satisfied response， 1 patient with general satisfaction， and 9 patients with unsatisfied response）， which was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion By applying psychological nursing after minimally invasive intracranial hematoma puncture drainage in the patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage， the patient's hope level and satisfaction can be significantly improved， and the anxiety and depression of patients can be significantly improved.

[Key words] Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage; Minimally invasive intracranial hematoma puncture drainage; Psychological guidance; Anxiety; Depression

目前高血壓脑出血发病率呈上升趋势，发病率高达50%，脑出血原因主要是患者体内血压迅速升高，从而引起脑内动、静脉或毛细血管出现破裂，进而引发颅内出血，给人们的生活带来沉重的影响，多数患者易发生后遗症[1-2]，目前经微创颅内血肿穿刺引流在高血压脑出血患者中广泛应用，其具有操作简单、创伤小等优点，能迅速清除患者血肿[3-4]，但因其作为一种新型的技术，实施过程需要护理人员予以配合，尤其是在手术后采取有效的护理方式利于患者早期康复[5-6]。因此，本次研究对高血压脑出血患者经微创颅内血肿穿刺引流术后实施心理护理的效果观察进行分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取我院2017年2月～2018年2月收治的200例高血压脑出血患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字法则分为两组，每組100例。……