刘印 何艳平

[摘要]目的 探讨反思日记法在实习护生护理软技能培养中的应用效果。方法 选取2016年7月～2017年4月在医院实习的长春医学高等专科学校2015级全部学生作为研究对象，将所有护生采取随机抽样法分为观察组（n=443）和对照组（n=443）。观察组护生采用反思日记书写方法进行培训，对照组按照医院传统带教法进行培训，不要求写反思日记。比较两组护生的护理软技能评分。结果 两组护生实习后的自我管理、认知技能、职业情操、人际关系、组织管理以及总量表得分等各项护理软技能评分均明显高于实习前（P<0.05）；观察组护生实习后的各项护理软技能评分均明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 反思日记教学法应用于护生的临床培训中，有助于提高护生的自我管理、认知技能、职业情操、人际关系、组织管理能力，对提高护生的护理软技能和进一步提升临床教学质量有重要作用。

[关键词]反思日记法；实习护生；护理软技能培养；应用效果

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）9（a）-0164-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of the introspection diary method in nursing soft skill training of student nurse. Methods All the students of grade 2015 in Changchun Medical College who were interned in the hospital from July 2016 to April 2017 were selected as the study objects， all student nurses were divided into the observation group （n=443） and control group （n=443） using the random sampling method. Student nurses in the observation group were trained using the introspection diary writing method， while those in the control group were trained by traditional hospital teaching method without requiring writing introspection diary. The nursing soft skill score of student nurses between the two groups were compared. Results After internship， the scores of self-management， cognitive skills， occupational sentiment， interpersonal relationship， organizational management and total scale of the two groups were significantly higher than those before internship （P<0.05）. The nursing soft skill scores of student nurses in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Introspection diary teaching method applied in clinical training of nursing students is helpful to improve their self-management， cognitive skills， professional sentiment， interpersonal relationship and organizational management ability， and it plays an important role in improving nursing soft skills of student nurses and further improving the clinical teaching quality.

[Key words] Introspection diary method； Student nurse； Nursing soft skill training； Application effect

護理软技能是指护生的影响、沟通能力、倾听技巧以及团队建设能力等多方面的非临床实际操作技能[1]。护理软技能强调以患者为中心，对临床护理人员的态度、情感、认知等多方面护理技能提出了较高的要求，是护理品质的体现[2]。目前现代护理临床教学中，往往强调护理实习生掌握护理专业知识及临床实践操作技能，而护士的软技能培养往往被忽视[3]。因此，为确保患者获得较高的护理服务质量的服务要求，提高实习护生的临床实践能力，本研究通过调查了解在我校实习的2015级全部实习护生的临床工作护理软技能情况，针对护生学习存在的问题，将反思日记法应用于护理软技能的培养中，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1一般资料

将长春医学高等专科学校2016年7月～2017年4月在医院实习的2015级全部学生886名采用随机抽样法分为两组，每组443名。……