高艳 曹钰琨 王涛

[摘要] 目的 探討个性化加人文化护理对心脏介入治疗并发症发生情况的影响。 方法 选取2017年1～12月陕西省宝鸡市中心医院接受心脏介入治疗术的住院患者170例，将其按照随机数字表法分为传统护理组（85例）和个性人文护理组（85例）传统护理组患者采用常规护理操作，个性人文护理组患者在常规护理操作的基础上，增加个性化和人文化的护理措施。比较两组患者术后2周的疼痛情况、焦虑情况、睡眠质量等，统计术后并发症的发生情况。 结果 护理后，两组视觉模拟评分（VAS）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）评分均较护理前显著降低，且个性人文护理组VAS、HAMA、PSQI评分显著低于传统护理组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。个性人文护理组术后心脏并发症的发生率及非心脏并发症的发生率均显著低于传统护理组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 个性人文护理综合考虑了心脏介入手术患者各项个性化的护理需求，并从人文关怀的角度出发，最大限度地降低了患者疼痛，改善了疾病预后康复，降低了心脏介入治疗后并发症的发生率。

[关键词] 个性化护理；人文化护理；心脏介入治疗；并发症

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2018）09（a）-0156-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of personalized and humanistic nursing on the complications of cardiac interventional therapy. Methods From January to December 2017， in Baoji Central Hospital， 170 hospitalized patients underwent cardiac interventional therapy technique were selected， according to random number table method， they were divided into traditional nursing group （85 cases） and individual character humanistic nursing group （85 cases）. The traditional nursing group was given routine nursing heart operations， individual character humanistic nursing group was given the personalization and humanization nursing measures on the basis of conventional nursing. The pain， anxiety and sleep quality in the two groups after operation for 2 weeks were compared， and the postoperative complications were statistically analyzed. Results After nursing， the scores of visual analogue scale （VAS）， HAMA anxiety scale （HAMA） and Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） in two groups were significantly lower than before nursing， and the VAS scores， HAMA scores and PSQI scores in individual character humanistic nursing group were significantly lower than those of traditional nursing group， the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. The incidence of cardiac complications and non-cardiac complications in individual character humanistic nursing group were significantly lower than those of traditional nursing group， the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Humanistic nursing personality comprehensive considers the needs for interventional heart surgery patients with various personalized care， and from the perspective of humanistic care， it reduces the pain patients maximally， improves the prognosis of disease recovery， decreases the incidence of complications after cardiac interventional therapy.

[Key words] Personalized nursing； Human culture nursing； Cardiac interventional therapy； Complications

近年来，心脏介入治疗技术以其创伤小、患者恢复快等特点有效解决了冠状动脉狭窄问题，在一定程度上降低了外科手术对身体的过度创伤，而成为心血管疾病诊疗的主要方式[1-3]。由于心脏介入诊疗部位特殊，诊疗过程中不可避免地会带来各类并發症，影响治疗的效果，降低患者的生活质量[4]。另外，由于患者对心脏介入治疗的认识较少，易产生焦虑、紧张等负面情绪，进而增加术后并发症，延缓术后康复的进程，增加心理及经济负担。因此，有效的护理模式对于改善心脏介入患者术后并发症意义重大。个性化护理是针对不同的个体，按照“辨证论治”的原则，有针对性地选择护理干预方法[5]。……