华一帆 盛小明

摘要：针对多路水压测试系统压力闭环控制问题，从水压测试系统的原理出发，建立了多路水压测试系统的原理模型。基于AMESim平台对系统压力的建立、比例调压阀压力控制等性能作了仿真研究。基于AMESim模型分析了水压测试系统响应特性、系统压力控制精度与不同元器件参数的关系，比如不同参数的空气过滤器、不同孔径的管路及其他不同参数的元器件。分析比较了不同的PID参数设置下，气压比例阀压力控制环节与液压缸夹持压力的主油路水压控制环节的压力响应曲线，得出了匹配的PID参数设计是水压测试系统控制系统的关键。

关键词：水压测试；压力控制；AMESim仿真；比例调压阀；气动增压

中图分类号：TN820.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-3044（2018）26-0202-05

Abstract：Aiming at the problem of pressure closed-loop control in multi-channel hydraulic testing system， the principle model of multi-channel hydraulic testing system is established Based on the principle of hydraulic testing system. Based on the AMESim platform， the performance of the system pressure and the pressure control of the proportional pressure regulating valve were simulated. Based on the AMESim model， the response characteristics of the water pressure testing system， the relationship between the system pressure control precision and the parameters of different components are analyzed， such as the air filters with different parameters， the pipes with different aperture and the other components of different parameters. The pressure response curve of the pressure control link of the pressure proportional valve and the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder under the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder under the different PID parameters is analyzed and compared. It is concluded that the key of the matching PID parameter design is the control system of the water pressure testing system.

Key words： hydraulic pressure test； pressure control； AMESim simulation； proportional pressure regulating valve； pneumatic supercharging

1 概述

水压测试试验是贯穿国民经济的重要工业应用[1-3]。自来水压力容器、热水器、工业用压力罐等器材包括各种压力系統的接头都必须进行压力试验[4-6]。压力测试环节是各类压力元件进入市场的必要条件。一旦压力试验不达标的元件流入人们的生产与生活中，大多会带来较为严重后果。高压气体、液体泄漏会造成人身安全及财产损失。有毒、有害气体液体泄漏将会对人类及周边生物与环境带来巨大的灾难。在家用产品中各类水管、接头等水压容器需要进行高压、低压测试，在工业产品中液压管件、阀门等液压容器，均需要耐压试验、液压脉冲试验及疲劳试验[7-11]。

最早的水液压测试技术，源于军事用途，美国海军对海水液压测试技术进行了研究，研制出了压力14MPa、流量45L/min的水液压系统[12]。……