APP下载

2017~2018年成都市三区县外环境禽流感监测分析

2018-12-12刘毅范鹏程曾学民

医学信息 2018年17期

刘毅 范鹏程 曾学民

摘 要:目的 监测四川省成都市三区县外环境中禽类流行性感冒(禽流感)病毒的分布状况,为人禽流感防控提供参考依据。方法 我中心在2017年5月~2018年5月采用实时荧光定量PCR检测成都市三区县外环境中甲型流感通用病毒,再将阳性标本进行H5、H7、N9和H9分型,采用χ2检验比较定性资料。结果 在497份样本中,甲型流感病毒阳性标本87份,检出率为17.91%;分型实验中,H5、H7、N9和H9分别检出7份、6份、12份和41份,其阳性检出率依次为1.41%、1.21%、2.41%、8.25%,未分型成功23份,占总样本的4.63%。结论 成都市三区县外环境存在禽流感病毒污染,有人感染禽流感风险;需加强对外环境及高危人群禽流感监测,并规范对市场的管理机制,落实消毒和检疫准入等预防措施。

关键词:禽流感;监测;外环境

中图分类号:R181.8;R511.7 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.17.036

文章编号:1006-1959(2018)17-0119-03

Abstract:Objective To monitor the distribution of avian influenza(avian influenza)virus in the external environment the three districts of Chengdu,Sichuan province,and provide reference for the prevention and control of human avian influenza.Methods From May 2017 to May 2018,our center used real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect influenza A virus in the external environment of the three districts of Chengdu.The positive samples were classified into H5,H7,N9 and H9,qualitative data were compared using the χ2 test.Results Among the 497 samples,87 were positive for influenza A virus,and the detection rate was 17.91%.In the typing experiment,7,6,12 and 41 were detected for H5,H7,N9 and H9,respectively.The positive detection rate was 1.41%,1.21%,2.41%,and 8.25%,and 23 cases were untyped,accounting for 4.63% of the total sample.Conclusion There is avian influenza virus contamination in the external environment the three districts of Chengdu,and some people are infected with avian influenza.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of avian influenza in the external environment and high-risk population,and regulate the market management mechanism and implement preventive measures such as disinfection and quarantine access.

Key words:Avian influenza;Monitoring;External environment

禽類流行性感冒又称禽流感(avian influenza),是由甲型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)引起的禽类间的传染病,一般不会感染人,但由于病毒在复制时其RNA不稳定,易发生基因突变、重组,从而获得感染人的能力,导致人禽流感疾病的发生,近年来在人群中造成严重的公共健康的威胁[1,2]。根据病毒致病性强弱,分为高致病性、低致病性和非致病性三类,目前引起人禽流感主要为H5N1、H7N1、H7N9和H9N2等[3]。2016年成都市连续确诊1例人感染H5N1、1例重症肺炎感染H9N2,通过流行病学调查2例患者均有活禽市场暴露史[4,5]。为了解成都市三区县环境禽流感病毒的动态分布情况及其差异,科学开展预警预测工作,成华区疾控中心按照成都市疾控中心的要求,自2017年5月起,开展成华区、大邑县、崇州市三地的外环境禽流感监测。……

登录APP查看全文