甘草次酸与茶碱联用的体内及体外平喘作用研究
2018-12-06尉捷张奇
尉捷 张奇
摘要:目的 探究甘草次酸与茶碱联合使用的体内、体外平喘作用机制。方法 实验分为空白对照组、模型组、甘草次酸组、不同浓度茶碱组及甘草次酸+茶碱组,ELISA检测人支气管平滑肌细胞炎症模型细胞内环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)变化;建立离体气管体外模型,比较药物改善乙酰胆碱引发的气管收缩率;建立豚鼠哮喘模型,测定豚鼠延喘时间。结果 各浓度茶碱均可升高细胞内cAMP含量,抑制乙酰胆碱引起的体外气管收缩,延长延喘时间,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);甘草次酸单独使用时无显著效果;当二者联合使用时,甘草次酸+茶碱组与相同浓度茶碱组比较,cAMP含量升高,气管收缩率降低,延喘时间增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 甘草次酸与茶碱在平喘治疗中联用,可提高药效,减少茶碱使用量。
关键词:茶碱;甘草次酸;平喘;气管平滑肌;豚鼠
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.12.012
中图分类号:R285.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2018)12-0045-03
Abstract: Objective To investigate the mechanism of glycyrrhetic acid combined with theophylline for in vivo and in vitro combating asthma. Methods The experiment was divided into blank control group, model group, glycyrrhetic acid group, different concentrations of theophylline groups and glycyrrhetic acid + theophylline group. The intracellular cAMP changes were measured by ELISA method. An in vitro tracheal model was established to compare the effects of medicine on acetylcholine-induced muscle contraction. Guinea pig asthma model was established, and asthmatic time in guinea pigs was detected. Results Theophylline high, medium, and low concentrations could increase intracellular cAMP levels, inhibit acetylcholine-induced tracheal contractions in vitro, and prolong the delay time for asthma, with statistical significance (P<0.05); The glycyrrhetic acid has no significant effect when used alone; When glycyrrhetic acid combined with theophylline, compared with theophylline group of the same concentration, the glycyrrhetic acid + theophylline group had higher cAMP content, lower tracheal contraction rate, and longer delay time for asthma, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Glycyrrhetic acid combined with theophylline used in combating asthma can improve efficacy and reduce the dosage of theophylline.
Keywords: theophylline; glycyrrhetic acid; combating asthma; tracheal smooth muscle; guinea pig
茶碱(theophylline)是茶叶中的重要成分,是一种磷酸二酯酶(PDE)抑制剂,常用于哮喘治疗,有舒张支气管平滑肌作用,在血浆浓度小于10 mg/L时即可对迟发型哮喘反应产生影响,但由于其非选择性抑制,对中枢神经、心血管及胃肠道等系统均表现出一定的不良反应,限制了其临床应用[1]。甘草作为一种补益类中药,有调和诸药之效。甘草含有多种化学成分,其中甘草次酸(glycyrrhetic acid)作为甘草类化合物发挥实质功效的重要中间物质,有显著的肾上腺皮质激素样作用,具有抗炎、增强机体免疫力、提高生理机能、抑制癌细胞生长等功效,常用于各种原因引起的上呼吸道感染[2-5]。甘草次酸经肠内微生物作用,部分生成3-表-甘草次酸及少量3-脱氢甘草次酸,进而发挥其活性[6]。本研究分别在细胞、离体组织和动物水平,研究甘草次酸与茶堿联合使用在平喘中的作用,以期在提高或保持茶碱类药物原有治疗效果的情况下,减少茶碱使用量,进而降低其毒副作用,为临床应用提供依据。……
