不同流派头针治疗缺血性中风偏瘫临床研究进展
2018-12-06田亮孙润洁王金海张振昶张星华袁博杜小正
田亮 孙润洁 王金海 张振昶 张星华 袁博 杜小正
摘要:本文对近年不同流派头针治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的临床研究进行总结。目前头针流派应用较广泛的有焦顺发、于致顺、汤颂延、方云鹏、朱明清等头针流派,其手法各异,尚无明确的取穴原则及理论依据,进针角度、方向、深度、捻转频率、捻转角度和留针时间等也无统一标准。建议采用循证医学方法,明确头针治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的最佳刺激区、操作手法的量化标准,以及不同流派取穴及针刺手法的特异性,从而指导临床优选治疗方案。
关键词:头针;流派;缺血性中风;偏瘫;综述
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.12.035
中图分类号:R245.32.1;R277.733 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2018)12-0137-04
Abstract: This article summarized the clinical research on treatment of ischemic stroke hemiplegia of different scalp acupuncture schools. At present, there are a wide range of scalp acupuncture schools such as JIAO Shun-fa, YU Zhi-shun, TANG Song-yan, FANG Yun-peng, ZHU Ming-qing and so on. There are many scalp acupuncture schools and different techniques. There are no clear acupoint principles and theoretical basis. There is no uniform standard for needle angle, direction, depth, twist frequency, twist angle and needle retention time. It is recommended to use an evidence-based medicine method to clarify the optimal stimulation area for the treatment of ischemic stroke hemiplegia, the quantitative standard of operation methods and the specificity of acupoints and acupuncture methods in different scalp acupuncture schools to guide clinically preferred treatment options.
Keywords: scalp acupuncture; schools; ischemic stroke; hemiplegia; review
中風为目前全球第2位、我国首位致死性疾病[1],其中缺血性中风是临床常见类型之一,占全部脑中风的60%~80%。研究表明,全球缺血性中风的首次发病率为104/10万[2],而我国为246.8/10万[3],且以每年8.7%的速度上升[4]。目前治疗方案虽使中风死亡率有所降低,但患者大多遗留不同程度的后遗症,如偏瘫、失语、吞咽障碍等。其中肢体偏瘫的发生率最高,使患者丧失生活自理和劳动能力,给家庭和社会造成了沉重负担。头针是基于传统针灸和现代解剖学、神经生理学、生物全息论发展起来的一种微针疗法,具有取穴精简、操作简便且对中风患者不易诱发肌痉挛等优点[5],可有效治疗缺血性中风偏瘫,明显改善其运动功能[6-7]。目前头针流派众多,取穴和针刺手法各有特色,临床如何选择应用值得探讨。本文归纳目前主要的头针流派,为临床采用头针治疗中风偏瘫提供参考。……
