张调喜 闫佳会 侯璐 张贵 姚强 马麟 郭青云

摘要

为明确青海春小麦品种‘青春38成株期抗条锈性的遗传基础，以‘青春38为父本与感病春小麦品种‘Taichung 29（T29）杂交构建F2∶3代分离群体。在青海西宁和互助两地田间病圃进行了抗条锈性鉴定，应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型单个分离世代分析方法，解析‘青春38的抗条锈性遗传特点。结果表明，‘青春38/‘T29 F2∶3群体单株的病害严重度和反应型在两个试验点均未呈现连续性分布，也不符合正态分布，初步推测‘青春38对小麦条锈病的成株期抗性具有质量性状特征;以严重度或反应型数据进行遗传分析，‘青春38在两个试验点对小麦条锈病的成株期抗性表现的最优遗传模型均属2 对主基因遗传，只是主基因的作用方式（C-1：2MG-ADI加性-显性-上位性，C-4：2MG-EA 等加性，C-6：2MG-EEAD 等显性）有所不同。

关键词

春小麦; 青春38; 抗条锈性; 遗传模型

中图分类号：

S 435.121

文獻标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2017416

Genetic analysis of adult plant resistance to stripe rust in Qinghai

spring wheat cultivar ‘Qingchun 38

ZHANG Tiaoxi YAN Jiahui HOU Lu ZHANG Gui YAO Qiang MA Lin GUO Qingyun1

（1. Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences， Qinghai University， Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，

Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Xining， Ministry of Agriculture， Key Laboratory of Agricultural

Integrated Pest Management，State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture， Xining 810016， China;

2. Datong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Xining， Qinghai Province， Xining 810100， China）

Abstract

In order to elucidate the genetic basis of adult plant resistance of spring wheat ‘Qingchun 38 to stripe rust in Qinghai， a F2∶3 segregating population was developed by crossing ‘Qingchun 38 （as male parent） with ‘Taichung 29 （T29） （as female parent）， a susceptible cultivar. Disease screening was conducted at Xining and Huzhu in Qinghai Province. Single generation of major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model was used to analyze the inheritance of stripe rust resistance in ‘Qingchun 38. Disease severity and infection type of ‘Qingchun 38/‘T29 F2∶3 populations showed discrete distributions， suggesting a qualitative character of stripe rust resistance in ‘Qingchun 38. Genetic analysis results in two environments indicated that the two major gene model could explain the resistance of ‘Qingchun 38 on disease severity and infection type， but the gene interactions （C-1： 2MG-ADI additive-major-epistatic interaction， C-4： 2MG-EA equal additive effect，C-6： 2MG-EEAD equal dominance effect） were different.

Key words

spring wheat; Qingchun 38; stripe rust resistance; inheritance model

小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌 Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici 引起的世界性小麦病害，是影响小麦生产最重要的病害之一，该病害在低温和潮湿环境下易发生，从小麦一叶期到成熟期只要植株仍然是绿色都可以发生侵染[1]。研究与实践证明，选育和利用抗病品种是防治小麦条锈病最经济、安全和有效的措施[1-3]，然而，小麦条锈菌群体毒性结构复杂，新毒性小种不断形成，容易使小麦品种抗病性丧失，致使小麦条锈病周期性流行。不断发掘新的抗条锈病基因，实现抗病基因的多样化及合理布局是一项有战略意义的基础研究工作，抗条锈病基因发掘及其遗传特点研究是抗病育种的重要基础。……