孙冰 康敏 毛鸿影

〔摘要〕作为推进经济全球化的重要模式之一，开放式创新正在成为众多学者关注的新领域。对开放式创新国外研究热点与主题进行分析，有助于学者们了解其研究的发展趋势，探寻未来的研究切入点。基于开放式创新领域的可视化图谱，从网络结构特征入手对该领域的国外相关文献进行指标测度与分析，识别出领域内的研究热点，并运用凝聚子群分析法和多维尺度分析法实现对该领域研究热点主题的探究和聚类验证，进而对各热点主题进行分析。

〔关键词〕开放式创新；共词聚类；可视化；社会网络分析；多维尺度分析

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2018.09.020

〔中图分类号〕F2731；G250252〔文献标识码〕A〔文章编号〕1008-0821（2018）09-0122-10

Hot Spot and Theme Analysis of Open Innovation Abroad

Based on Co-word Cluster and VisualizationSun BingKang MinMao Hongying

（School of Economic & Management，Harbin Engineering University，Harbin 150001，China）

〔Abstract〕Open innovation is one of the important modes to promote economic globalization，it is also becoming a new field of concern by many scholars.Analyzing the research topics and hot topics of open innovation abroad，it is very helpful for scholars to understand the research trend，to explore future research entry points of this field，and to explore the breakthrough point of future research.Drawing the visualization Atlas of high frequency key words，on this basis，the paper measured and analyzed the foreign related literature in the open innovation field starting with the characteristics of network structure，the hot spot of research in this field was identified.The exploration and cluster verification of hot topics in this field were further realized by the method of aggregation subgroup analysis and multidimensional scale analysis.In the end，4 hot topics were introduced and analyzed.

〔Key words〕open innovation；co-word cluster；visualization；social network analysis；multidimensional scale analysis

開放式创新（Open Innovation）是指企业在技术创新过程中通过与外部组织合作，整合内外部创新资源从而提高创新效率及收益的一种创新模式[1]。随着互联网时代的到来，传统的封闭式创新模式已无法适应企业发展，加之全球化有利于企业在更大范围内有效获取所需资源，因此越来越多的企业选择以开放式创新模式获取来源广泛的创新要素。以海尔集团为例，从最初的吃掉“休克鱼”到现在的创客孵化平台的建设，开放式创新一直伴随着企业的成长，使其从一个资不抵债、管理混乱的集体企业发展为一家以生产制造家电产品为主的全球大型家电第一品牌[2]。同样对开放式创新模式青睐有加的世界玩具巨头——乐高公司，也通过建立乐高Mindstorm的交流社群、与MIT Media Lab展开研发合作、推出面向全球的乐高创意平台（LEGO IDEAS）等一系列的开放式创新举措，使自身净利润在过去十年内实现32倍的跨越式增长，并一跃成为2017年全球企业社会责任声誉最佳的10家公司之首。……