段文学 张海燕 解备涛 汪宝卿　张立明

摘要：选取10027、13047、15001、15024、紫罗兰、济薯21、济徐23和济薯26共8个甘薯品种（系），在东营市垦利县汇邦农场盐碱地进行了不同品种（系）的耐盐筛选及耐盐特性研究。结果表明：根据块根产量进行系统聚类分析，可将8个甘薯品种（系）划分为四类，紫罗兰为第一类，属于盐敏感型；13047和15024为第二类，属于弱耐盐类型；10027、15001和济薯21为第三类，属于中度耐盐类型；济徐23和济薯26为第四类，属于强耐盐类型。在黄河三角洲盐碱地条件下，强耐盐型品种可保持较低的叶片Na+含量、较高的叶片K+含量和K+/Na+比值，有利于维持叶片正常的生理功能；同时也可保持较高的植株总干重和块根干物质分配比例，获得较高的块根干重。块根产量和叶片K+/Na+比值可作为甘薯耐盐性田间筛选的参考指标。

关键词：甘薯；块根产量；耐盐性；干物质；K+/Na+比值

中图分类号：S531.01 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2018）08-0042-05

Comparation on Salt Tolerance of Different Sweet

Potato Varieties （Lines） Under Field Condition

Duan Wenxue1，2， Zhang Haiyan1，2， Xie Beitao1，2， Wang Baoqing1，2， Zhang Liming2，3

（1. Crop Research Institute， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Jinan 250100， China；

2. Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Potato in Huang-Huai-Hai Region， Ministry of Agriculture，

Jinan 250100， China；3. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Jinan 250100， China）

Abstract The salt tolerance screening and the salt tolerance characteristics of eight different sweet potato varieties （10027， 13047， 15001， 15024， Violet， Jishu 21， Jixu 23， and Jishu 26） were investigated in the saline-alkaline land of Huibang Farm in Kenli County， Dongying City. The results showed that the eight sweet potato varieties could be divided into four types based on root yield by hierarchical cluster analysis. Violet was in the first class， which was salt sensitive type； 13047 and 15024 were in the second class， belonging to the weak salt tolerance type； 10027， 15001， and Jishu 21 were in the third class， and belonged to moderate salt tolerant type； Jixu 23 and Jishu 26 were in the fourth class， which was highly salt tolerant type. In the saline-alkaline soil of the Yellow River Delta， the high-salt-tolerant varieties could retain low leaf Na+ content， high leaf K+ content and high K+/Na+ ratio to maintain the normal physiological functions of leaves. The total plant dry weight and the distribution proportion of root dry matter were kept higher to obtain a higher root yield. The root yield and leaf K+/Na+ ratio could be used as a reference for the screening of salt tolerance of sweet potato under field conditions.

Keywords Sweet potato； Root yield； Salt tolerance； Dry matter； K+/Na+ ratio

甘薯既是重要的糧食作物，又是良好的饲料作物及工业原料作物。中国是世界上最大的甘薯生产国，2016年甘薯总产7 057×104 t，种植面积328.1×104 hm2，均居世界首位[1]。山东黄河三角洲地区有近53.3×104 hm2未利用盐碱地和73.3×104 hm2中低产田，土壤盐渍化是限制该区域农业生产的主要因素[2]。培育和筛选耐盐甘薯品种、实现盐碱地甘薯规模化种植将产生较好的经济效益和生态效益[3]。

前人在耐盐性甘薯品种筛选方面做了一定研究，如郭小丁等[4]在大田条件下筛选出鲁薯1号、陕薯1号等14个耐盐品种；董静等[5]在苏北沿海滩涂盐碱地上进行了不同类型甘薯品种耐盐性比较；……