康莲香　康晓冬　李丽芳

[摘要] 目的 探討早发性羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对围生儿的影响。 方法 将2017年1月～2018年1月在我院进行定期产检并在我院分娩的60例孕产妇纳入本研究。按照孕产妇羊水情况分为羊水过少组（9例）、羊水偏少组（14例）和羊水正常组（37例）。对于所有羊水减少的患者予饮水疗法及静脉补液法。观察阴道分娩、剖宫产、产后出血、围生儿羊水粪染、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息、出生低体重儿、羊水指数和脐血流检测结果。 结果 三组产妇阴道分娩、剖宫产、产后出血发生率比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；三组产妇AFI、S/D、RI、PI、FVR比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；三组围生儿羊水粪染、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息、出生低体重儿比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 早发性羊水过少会增加妊娠并发症的风险，围生儿发生羊水粪染、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息、出生低体重儿的几率增加，临床需引起足够的重视。

[关键词] 早发性羊水过少；妊娠并发症；关系；围生儿；影响

[中图分类号] R714.2 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）20-0082-03

Relationship between premature oligohydramnios and pregnancy complications and its effects on perinatal infant

KANG Lianxiang1 KANG Xiaodong1 LI Lifang1 ZHOU Lili1 HU Qingming2

1.Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics， Ji'an Hospital， Shanghai Dongfang Hospital， Ji'an 343000， China； 2.Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics， Jian County People's Hospital， Ji'an 343199， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between premature oligohydramnios and pregnancy complications and its effects on perinatal infant. Methods 60 cases of maternal women who had undergone regular labor check-ups in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 and were delivered in our hospital were included in this study. According to the conditions of maternal amniotic fluid， the patients were divided into oligohydramnios group（n=9）， subnormal amniotic fluid group（n=14） and normal amniotic fluid group（n=37）. All patients with reduced amniotic fluid were given drinking water therapy and intravenous fluids. The vaginal delivery， Cesarean section， postpartum hemorrhage， perinatal infants with meconium stained amniotic fluid， fetal distress， neonatal asphyxia， low birth weight infants， amniotic fluid index and umbilical cord blood flow test results were observed. Results The incidence rate of vaginal delivery， Cesarean section and postpartum hemorrhage in the three groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）； there were statistically significant differences in AFI， S/D， RI， PI and FVR between the three groups（P<0.05）； there were statistically significant differences between the three groups of perinatal infants in meconium stained amniotic fluid， fetal distress， neonatal asphyxia， and low birth weight infants（P<0.05）. Conclusion Premature oligohydramnios may increase the risk of pregnancy complications. The incidence rates of meconium stained amniotic fluid， fetal distress， neonatal asphyxia， and low birth weight infants are increased， which need to draw great attention in clinical practice.

[Key words] Premature oligohydramnios； Pregnancy complications； Relationship； Perinatal infants； Effect

正常妊娠过程中，羊水的产生和吸收保持动态平衡，为胎儿运动、生长和发育提供必需的内环境。妊娠期羊水受多种因素调控，羊水调节失衡将最终导致羊水量异常[1]。妊娠期羊水量低于300 mL为羊水过少，随着孕周的变化，羊水指数也在变化。羊水过少可能发生于妊娠的各个时期，当羊水量低于50 mL，围生儿死亡率达88%。相对于早发性羊水过少，足月妊娠预后较好。为更好的提高孕妇预后和围生儿出生质量，研究早发性羊水过少和妊娠并发症的关系，探讨其对围生儿的影响，我院开展了该方面的研究，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

将2017年1月～2018年1月在我院进行定期产检并在我院分娩的60例孕产妇纳入本研究。按照孕产妇羊水情况分为羊水过少组（9例）、羊水偏少组（14例）和羊水正常组（37例）。……