徐枫 夏经炜 王一 孙红 王莉恩

摘 要 目的：分析上海黃浦区某社区2012-2016年儿童健康状况与儿童保健管理情况。方法：收集上海黄浦区某社区2012-2016年7岁以下儿童保健情况年报表和5岁以下儿童死亡资料，分析儿童死亡率、5岁以下儿童营养评价指标、周岁儿童健康指标、以及7岁以下儿童保健服务指标。结果：新生儿、婴儿和5岁以下儿童5年总死亡率分别为0.56‰、1.67‰、和1.67‰，低于上海黄浦区和上海全市平均水平。新生儿访视率和纯母乳喂养率分别为100%和58.65%，均高于上海市平均水平；母乳喂养率86.27%，与上海市平均水平接近。5岁以下儿童中重度营养不良、中重度贫血均只有零星病例发生。周岁儿童各类异常检出率均低于上海市平均水平。7岁以下儿童保健管理率和3岁以下儿童系统管理率分别为98.87%和96.85%，均高于上海市平均水平。结论：调查社区的儿童健康状况与儿童保健管理总体情况较好。

关键词 健康状况；保健管理；儿童

中图分类号：R199 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2018）20-0059-04

Analysis of childrens health and health care management status in a community in Shanghai from 2012 to 2016

XU Feng1， XIA Jingwei2， WANG Yi3， SUN Hong1， WANG Lien1（1. Preventive and Health Care Department of Huaihaizhonglu Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District， Shanghai 200025， China； 2. Director Room of Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Huangpu District， Shanghai 200010， China； 3. Information Section of Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Shanghai 200023， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To analyze the health status and health management of children in a community in Huangpu District， Shanghai from 2012 to 2016. Methods： The annual health report of children under 7 years old and the death information of children under 5 years old in a community in Huangpu District， Shanghai from 2012 to 2016 were collected to analyze the mortality rate of children， nutritional evaluation index of children under 5 years old， health index of children under 1 year old and health service index of children under 7 years old. Results： The total 5-year mortality rates of neonates， infants and children under 5 years old were 0.56‰， 1.67‰ and 1.67‰， respectively， which were lower than the average levels of Huangpu District and Shanghai. The rates of neonatal visits and exclusive breastfeeding were 100% and 58.65%， respectively， which were higher than the average levels in Shanghai. The rate of breastfeeding was 86.27%， which was close to the average level of Shanghai. Severe malnutrition and moderate to severe anemia in children under 5 years old had only sporadic cases. All kinds of abnormal detection rates of children under one year old were lower than the average levels of Shanghai. The health care management rate of children under 7 years old and the system management rate of children under 3 years old were 98.87% and 96.85%， respectively， which were higher than the average levels of Shanghai. Conclusions： The overall health status and health management of children in the community in the survey are better.

KEY WORDS health status； care management； child

儿童保健状况是反映一个国家和地区经济发展状况的重要指标之一。上海的儿童保健工作一直以来得到了各级政府和卫生行政部门的高度重视，各项工作扎实推进且成效显著，在2011年中国六项儿童保健指标的综合评价中位居全国第一[1]。而作为保健网底的社区卫生服务中心在儿童保健中发挥了重要的作用，承担着辖区儿童生长发育监测、喂养指导、伤害保护、健康教育、特殊儿童康复指导与管理等职责[2]。本文旨在分析上海市黄浦区淮海中路社区2012-2016年儿童健康和保健管理状况。……